实验室无水无氧手套箱操作和安全运行管理的探索和实践

Exploration and Practice of Anhydrous and Oxygen-Free Glove Box in Laboratory Safety Operation and Management

近年来,化学实验室中无水无氧手套箱的普及率日渐提高,手套箱被广泛应用在有机合成、锂电池制造和研究、OLED (有机发光二极管)封装、对水氧敏感试剂的存储与分装等方面。在手套箱的使用及维护过程中,涉及强还原性金属试剂、气体钢瓶、易燃废弃物等多种危险源,因此存在安全隐患,容易引发安全事故。本文介绍了实验室无水无氧手套箱的安全操作方法和南京大学化学化工学院探索的手套箱新型管理办法。学院开创性地制作了手套箱安全使用视频并应用于安全培训中,制订并执行了手套箱使用记录以及手套箱净化柱材料更换备案的管理办法。该方法取得了良好的运行管理效果,可为国内外同类型化学实验室手套箱的安全管理提供借鉴和参考。

In recent years,the popularity of anhydrous and oxygen-free glove boxes in chemical laboratories has been increasing.Glove boxes are widely used in organic synthesis,lithium battery manufacturing and research,OLED(organic light-emitting diode)encapsulation,and storage and packaging of reagents sensitive to water and oxygen.During the use and maintenance of glove boxes,many hazards are involved,such as strong reducing metal reagents,gas cylinders,and flammable waste.There are potential safety hazards that easily lead to accidents.This paper introduces safe operation methods of anhydrous and oxygen-free glove boxes and new management methods of glove boxes explored by the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Nanjing University.This college has pioneered the production of a video on the safe use of glove boxes and its application to safety training.It has also developed and implemented a method for the record of glove-box use and refreshed purification column materials.This method has achieved good operational results and can provide a reference for safety management of glove boxes in similar chemical laboratories both at home and abroad.