1960年以来ENSO事件对贺州市气候的影响

Impact of ENSO events on the climate of Hezhou since 1960

基于贺州市4个国家地面气象观测站1960—2021年降水和气温等气候观测资料以及同期的ENSO事件,采用统计学方法分析研究ENSO事件对贺州市气候的影响。结果表明,El Niño事件对贺州市年降水量、汛期降水量和暴雨日数有增多的作用,La Niña事件则对上述三个气候要素有减少的作用,但El Niño事件的增幅较La Niña事件的减幅稍偏大。El Niño事件强度与年降水量距平呈正相关关系。同样,El Niño年贺州市春季、冬季降水量增多,而La Niña年春季降水量基本持平而冬季降水量明显偏少;El Niño年贺州市春季、冬季和年平均气温均较多年平均偏高,且El Niño事件强度越强,年平均、春季平均气温和冬季平均气温偏高幅度越大;La Niña年贺州市年平均气温则偏低,尤其春季、冬季的平均气温偏低更明显;ENSO事件对贺州市高温天气日数存在一定的抑制效应。

Based on the climatic observations such as precipitation and temperature of four meteorological stations in Hezhou City from 1960 to 2021 and the ENSO events during the same period,the effects of ENSO events on the climate of Hezhou City are analyzed and studied using statistical methods.The results show that the annual precipitation,the precipitation during the rainy season and the number of rainstorm days in Hezhou City increase during the period of El Niño events,while the opposite effects are found during the period of La Niña events,but the increasing magnitude for the El Niño events is slightly larger than that for the La Niña events.The intensity of the El Niño events has a positive correlation with the annual precipitation anomalies.Meanwhile,the spring and winter precipitation in Hezhou City increase in El Niño years,while the spring precipitation in La Niña years basically remains the same and the winter precipitation is significantly weakened;the spring,winter and annual average temperatures in Hezhou City in El Niño years are higher than the climate,and the stronger the intensity of the El Niño event is,the higher the annual average,the spring average and the winter average temperatures are.In La Niña years,the annual mean temperature is low,especially in spring and winter;ENSO events have a certain inhibitory effect on the numbers of heatwave days in Hezhou.