海上风机规范风浪荷载计算方法对比分析

Comparison and Analysis of Wind and Wave Load Calculation Methods in Offshore Wind Turbine Specifications

相比陆上风机,海上风机承受的环境荷载要更加复杂,合理地评估环境荷载对海上风机的设计与安全运行至关重要。国内外海上风机规范关于风浪荷载计算的思路大致相同,但在计算参数选取等方面有所不同,可能会使得风浪荷载的计算结果存在差异,有必要针对风机规范的风浪荷载计算方法开展对比分析,探究不同方法对风浪荷载计算的影响。选取最新的规范,包括中国船级社CCS规范、挪威船级社DNV GL规范及国际电工委员会的IEC规范,对比了三者的风荷载和波浪荷载计算差异。结合典型算例开展了对比分析,计算结果表明,相较于DNV GL规范,根据CCS与IEC规范得出的风荷载值更大。并且对风湍流的考虑更保守;对于粗糙构件,DNV GL规范的波浪荷载峰值比CCS大了4%~14%。根据上述分析结果,针对风浪荷载计算方法的选择和参数选取提出了一些建议,可供海上风机设计时参考。

Offshore wind turbines bear more complex environmental loads than onshore wind turbines.It is essential for the design and safety operation of offshore wind turbines to reasonably assessment environmental loads.The method of wind and wave load calculation in offshore wind turbine specifications are roughly same,but there are differences in the selection of calculation parameters,which may make the calculation results of wind and wave load different.It is necessary to carry out comparative analysis on the calculation methods of wind and wave load in wind turbine specifications to explore the influence of different methods on the calculation of wind and wave load.This paper selects the latest specifications,including CCS specification,DNV GL specification and IEC specification to compare the differences of wind load and wave load calculation.Combined with typical examples,the comparative analysis is carried out.The results show that the maximum wind load of CCS and IEC is larger than that of DNV GL,and the consideration of wind turbulence is more conservative.For rough components,the peak wave load of DNV GL specification is about 4%~14%larger than that of CCS.According to the above analysis results,some suggestions are put forward for the selection of wind and wave load calculation methods and parameter selection of offshore wind turbines,which can be used for reference in the design of offshore wind turbines.