新型含氟聚氨酯弹性体的制备与性能研究

Preparation and characterization of new fluoropolyurethane elastomers

将长链含氟聚丙烯酸酯通过化学键键接到聚氨酯体系中,制备了一系列新型含氟聚氨酯,通过傅里叶红外光谱证实了产物的结构。通过X射线衍射、应力-应变、差示扫描量热以及接触角等实验详细研究了材料的聚集态结构、力学性能及疏水性质。实验结果表明含氟聚氨酯的性质与侧链氟原子个数紧密相关。随着侧链氟含量的增加,聚氨酯的接触角变大,表面自由能变小,疏水性得到明显提升。同时,材料的结晶度和力学性能可通过侧链氟含量进行调节,当氟原子个数为8时,含氟聚氨酯具有最佳的力学性能。

A series of fluoropolyurethane elastomers were prepared by introducing long-chain fluoropoly-acrylate into polyurethane system through chemical bonds.The structure of the materials was confirmed by Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy.The aggregate structure,mechanical properties and hydrophobic prop-erties of the materials were studied in detail by X-ray diffraction,stress-strain,differential scanning calo-rimetry and contact angle experiments.The experimental results show that the properties of fluoropolyure-thane are closely related to the number of side chain fluorine atoms.With the increase of the number of fluorine atoms,the contact angle of polyurethane increases,the surface free energy decreases,and the hydrophobicity is significantly improved.At the same time,the crystallinity and mechanical properties of the material can be adjusted by the number of fluorine atoms in the side chain.When the number of fluo-rine atoms is 8,the fluoropolyurethane has the best mechanical property.