十字花科蔬菜提取物对草莓专化型尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性研究

Antibacterial Activity of Cruciferae Vegetable Extracts Against Strawberry Specific Fusarium oxysporum

为研究不同十字花科植物提取物的抑菌活性,采用菌丝生长速率法,测定芥菜、茼蒿、甘蓝、油菜和雪里蕻提取物对草莓枯萎病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明,5种十字花科植物提取物均对草莓专化型尖孢镰刀菌有一定抑制作用,随提取物浓度降低,抑菌率呈现降低的趋势,浓度为1 g/mL时下提取物的抑菌率可达到73.13%~82.33%。通过毒力方程的测定,茼蒿的EC_(50)为0.4130 g/mL,对尖孢镰刀菌抑制效果最好,芥菜、雪里蕻和油菜EC_(50)为0.4735~0.4915 g/mL,这3种植物提取液毒力相当,甘蓝的EC50最高,对病原菌抑制效果最弱。进一步可利用十字花科植物之间的化感作用合理安排与草莓轮、间作,减轻草莓枯萎病病害发生,为草莓枯萎病防治和植物源农药先导化合物的研发提供技术依据。

To study the antibacterial activity of extracts from cruciferae plants,and provide technical basis for the control of strawberry wilt and the development of plant derived pesticide Lead compound.Using the mycelial growth rate method,the inhibitory effect of extracts from mustard,chrysanthemum,cabbage,rapeseed,and potherb mustard on the mycelial growth of strawberry wilt pathogen was determined.The results showed that all the five cruciferae plant extracts had a certain inhibitory effect on the strawberry specialized Fusarium oxysporum.With the concentration decreasing,the antibacterial rate showed a downward trend,and the antibacterial rate of the extract at the concentration of 1 g/mL could reach 73.13%-82.33%.According to the determination of toxicity equation,the EC50 of chrysanthemum was 0.4130 g/mL,which had the best inhibitory effect on F.oxysporum.The EC_(50) of mustard,potherb mustard and rape was 0.4735-0.4915 g/mL.The toxicity of these three plant extracts was the same.The EC_(50) of cabbage was the highest,and the inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria was the weakest.Further,the Allelopathy between cruciferae plants could be scientifically and reasonably arranged with rotation,intercropping and intercropping of strawberries to reduce the occurrence of strawberry wilt disease.