试论儒家思想对北魏教育的影响

The Influence of Confucianism on the Education of Northern Wei Dynasty

纵观北魏教育发展,在继承魏晋的基础上,又具有民族特色。相对来看,北魏统治集团尤其重视儒家思想的学习,依旧制设立官学,从教师的选拔、教材的选用,皆可看出儒家思想在北魏教育中扮演的重要角色。北魏私学发展尤为繁盛,大批民间硕儒开学授课,弘扬儒家思想,弥补了官学的不足。官学和私学的发展极大地推动了北方民族融合,是中国历史上承上启下的关键时期,对当时乃至隋唐社会、经济、文化发展产生了极大的影响。

Throughout the development of education in Northern Wei dynasty,on the basis of inheriting the Wei and Jin dynasties,it also has ethnic characteristics.Relatively speaking,the Northern Wei ruling group attached great importance to the study of Confucianism and established official schools.From the selection of teachers and the selection of textbooks,it can be seen that Confucianism played an important role in the education of Northern Wei.The development of private schools in the Northern Wei dynasty was particularly prosperous,with a large number of civil scholars offering classes and promoting Confucianism,which made up for the shortcomings of official schools.The development of official and private schools greatly promoted the integration of northern ethnic groups,which was a crucial period in Chinese history that connected the past and the future.It had a great impact on the social,economic,and cultural development of that time and even Sui and Tang dynasties.