治疗性血小板去除术不良反应及针对性护理干预效果分析

Analysis of the adverse reactions and the effect of targeted nursing intervention in the removal of apheresis platelets

目的分析针对性护理干预对治疗性血小板去除术治疗原发性血小板增多患者的不良反应发生情况的影响。方法选择2020年4—12月于昆明医科大学第一附属医院就诊的200例原发性血小板增多患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,各100例。2组患者均行血小板去除术,对照组接受常规护理干预,研究组接受针对性护理干预,比较2组患者的心理状况、疼痛程度、舒适度及不良反应发生情况。结果干预后,研究组的90项症状自评量表(symptom checklist-90,SCL-90)9个测评因子评分及总均分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),麦吉尔(Mc Gill)疼痛评分系统中疼痛分级指数(pain rating index,PRI)评分、视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、现有疼痛强度(present pain intensity,PPI)评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),简化舒适状况量表(general comfort questionnaire,GCQ)4个维度评分及总评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组的不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针对性护理干预可有效改善治疗性血小板去除术治疗的原发性血小板增多患者的心理状况,减轻患者治疗时的疼痛程度,提高舒适度,有效减少不良反应的发生,护理效果良好。

Objective To analyze the effect of targeted nursing intervention on the occurrence of adverse reactions of mechanical platelet removal in the treatment of primary thrombocytosis.Methods 200 patients with primary thrombocytosis in First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from April 2020 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into study group(n=100)and control group(n=100).All patients were treated with apheresis platelet removal.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the study group received targeted nursing intervention.Compare the psychological status,pain level,comfort level,and incidence of adverse reactions between two groups of patients.Results After the intervention,the scores of 9 factors and the total average score of SCL-90 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of four dimensions and total scores of GCQ scale in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention(P<0.05).The PRI score,VAS score and PPI score of Mc Gill scoring system in the study group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Targeted nursing intervention can effectively improve the psychological status of patients with primary thrombocytosis treated by mechanical platelet removal,reduce the degree of pain during blood collection,improve their comfort,effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,and the nursing effect is good.