孕妇运动自我效能现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of pregnant women’s exercise self-efficacy

目的调查孕妇运动自我效能水平的现状及影响因素。方法采取便利抽样法,选取2022年7—10月在广西中医药大学第一附属医院产科产检的孕妇215例为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表和孕妇运动自我效能量表进行调查。结果孕妇平均运动自我效能总分为(36.44±5.73)分;多因素线性回归分析显示,怀孕前、后运动习惯以及孕妇运动态度是孕妇运动自我效能的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论孕妇运动自我效能总体处于中等偏上水平,孕妇怀孕时的运动自我效能受怀孕前、后运动习惯以及孕妇运动态度的影响,临床应当加大孕期运动的宣传力度,选择合适的运动方式,促进孕妇积极参与孕期运动。

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of self-efficacy level for exercise in pregnant women.Methods A total of 215 pregnant women who underwent obstetric examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from July to October 2022 were included as the subjects by convenience sampling method.The study was conducted using a general situation questionnaire and a maternal self-efficacy for exercise scale.Results The total score of self-efficacy for exercise in pregnant women was(36.44±5.73)points.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that exercise habits before and after pregnancy,as well as maternal exercise attitudes,were the main influencing factors for maternal exercise self-efficacy(P<0.05).Conclusion Pregnant women’s exercise self-efficacy is generally at a moderate to upper level.Pregnant women’s exercise self-efficacy during pregnancy is influenced by their exercise habits before and after pregnancy,as well as their attitude towards exercise.Clinical practice should increase the promotion of pregnancy exercise,choose appropriate exercise methods,and promote pregnant women’s active participation in pregnancy exercise.