马克思恩格斯对资本主义民族国家的论述及其启示

Marx and Engels'Discussion on Capitalist Nation States and Its Inspiration

以国家为中心,围绕纷繁复杂的民族问题,马克思、恩格斯对19世纪的资本主义民族国家进行了系统的论述。马克思、恩格斯把属于资产阶级意识形态的近代民族主义视域中的民族国家,归之于资本主义民族国家的范畴。近代民族主义造就了民族,促进了近代民族国家的形成。世界主义的资本主义生产及其发展不平衡伴随着民族主义,使资本主义民族国家往往成为导致国际关系乱象的源头。“国家利益”使民族主义更加错综复杂化。基于立国、兴国的根本指导思想的视角,马克思、恩格斯对资本主义民族国家所持的“弃短取长”立场,为我们立足于中华民族共同体的现代化国家,国际秩序与经济全球化等命题,推进中国式现代化提供了深刻的启示。

Centering on the state and surrounding the complicated national problems,Marx and Engels systematically discussed the western nation states in the 19th century.The nation states in the perspective of modern nationalism,which belong to bourgeois ideology,were categorized as the capitalist nation states.Modern nationalism created the nations and promoted the formation of the modern nation states.The cosmopolitan capitalist production and its unbalanced development accompanied by nationalism makes the capitalist nation states an important factor in the chaos of international relations.Due to national interests nationalism turned out to be more complicated.Under the fundamental guiding ideology of building and rejuvenating the country,Marx and Engels'position of abandoning the shortcomings and taking advantage of their strengths on the capitalist nation states,provides us with profound enlightenment to promote Chinese modernization in light of the modern state of the Chinese nation,international order and economic globalization.