儿科病房护士职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of burnout among nurses in pediatric wards

目的 调查儿科病房护士职业倦怠的现状,分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法整群抽取山东省10家三级医院的儿科病房护士,使用一般资料调查表和Maslach职业倦怠量表对其问卷调查。结果 335名儿科病房护士职业倦怠总分(76.60±20.08),其中220名(65.7%)护士存在职业倦怠,轻度倦怠者99名(29.6%),中度倦怠者84名(25.1%),高度倦怠者37名(11.0%);最优尺度回归分析结果显示,自感健康状况、工作满意度、编制、职称、每周夜班数、领导及家人关心程度、儿科工作年限是儿科病房护士职业倦怠的主要影响因素(P<0.05),其中自感健康状况重要性最高(0.212)。结论 儿科病房护士职业倦怠状况严峻,建议管理者采取人性化管理,如关心儿科护士身心健康、优化儿科护理人力资源、健全绩效考核和晋升机制、提高工作满意度等,降低职业倦怠,稳定儿科护理队伍。

Objective To investigate the current status of burnout among nurses in pediatric wards and analyze its contributing factors.Methods Pediatric ward nurses from 10 tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province were selected in groups using the convenience sampling method,and their questionnaires were surveyed using the General Data Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Scale.Results The total score of burnout among 335 nurses in the pediatric wards was(76.60±20.08),of which 220(65.7%)nurses had burnout,99(29.6%)had mild burnout,84(25.1%)had moderate burnout,and 37(11.0%)had high burnout.The results of optimal scale regression analysis showed that self-perceived health status,job satisfaction,establishment,job title,number of night shifts per week,leadership and family care,and pediatric working years were the main influencing factors of burnout among nurses in pediatric wards(P<0.05),among which self-perceived health status was the most important(0.212).Conclusion The situation of burnout of nurses in pediatric wards is grim,and it is recommended that managers adopt humanized management,such as caring for the physical and mental health of pediatric nurses,optimizing pediatric nursing human resources,improving performance appraisal and promotion mechanism,and improving job satisfaction,etc.,to reduce burnout and stabilize the pediatric nursing team.