肉鸡有抗和无抗养殖技术论述

Technical Discussion on Broiler Breeding with and without Antibiotics

肉鸡养殖过程中按是否使用抗生素可分为肉鸡的有抗养殖和无抗养殖。本文所称有抗养殖和无抗养殖分别指在肉鸡养殖过程中使用抗生素和不使用抗生素。当前在肉鸡养殖过程中,由于抗生素对部分感染性疾病有较好防治作用并能一定程度提高饲料利用率,因此有抗养殖仍有存在空间;同时,消费者对鸡肉药残状况的更高要求,养殖技术、设施设备和替抗产品等支撑能力的持续提高,也为肉鸡无抗养殖提供了良好发展机遇。另外,肉鸡有抗和无抗两种养殖方式,也各自存在弊端:有抗养殖,会带来耐药病原体产生、鸡肉药物残留、环境污染等危害;无抗养殖,则会出现对抗生素敏感的病原体导致感染性疾病的发生率及病死率升高,料肉比增加等问题。针对目前肉鸡有抗和无抗养殖共存的现状,本文对这两类养殖做辩证性论述。

According to whether antibiotics are used in the process of broiler breeding,it can be divided into broiler breeding with antibiotics and without antibiotics.In this paper,the use of antibiotics and no antibiotic farming refers to the use of antibiotics and no antibiotics in the process of broiler farming.At present,antibiotics can prevent and control some infectious diseases and improve feed utilization rate to a certain extent,so there is still room to use antibiotics in broiler breeding.At the same time,consumers'higher requirements for chicken drug residues,and the continuous improvement of supporting capacity of breeding technology,facilities and equipment and products replacing antibiotics also provide a good opportunity for the development of broiler breeding without antibiotics.In addition,the two ways of raising chickens without antibiotics and using antibiotics also have their own disadvantages:the use of antibiotics will bring drug-resistant pathogens,chicken drug residues,environmental pollution and other hazards;If antibiotics are not used in breeding,the incidence and mortality of infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-sensitive pathogens will increase,and the ratio of feed to meat will increase.In view of the present situation of the coexistence of antibiotic culture and non-antibiotic culture in broiler chickens,this paper makes a dialectical discussion on the two kinds of culture.