昭通市2019~2022年羊口蹄疫的免疫抗体监测分析

Immune Antibody Surveillance Analysis of Foot-and-mouth Disease in Zhaotong City from 2019 to 2022

抗体水平检测是有效评价动物防疫工作的重要指标,加强对辖区内某种动物疫病的抗体水平监测,可以为制定动物疫病免疫程序和防控措施提供科学的依据。为了解2019~2022年昭通市羊口蹄疫的免疫抗体情况,试验应用ELISA方法在四年间对昭通市九个县区共17210份的羊血清进行口蹄疫O型、A型病毒免疫抗体水平检测,并比较不同县区、不同年份羊群口蹄疫的免疫效果。在本次采集样品的九个县区中,口蹄疫O型抗体均高于国家水平(>70%);口蹄疫A型抗体水平绥江县、彝良县抗体合格率未达到国家水平(>70%)。昭通市4年来羊口蹄疫O型的免疫抗体合格率总体达到国家规定的要求,但部分县区的抗体水平仍然处于相对较低水平,应在原有免疫程序上,对其免疫程序进行调整,以达到更好的免疫水平。口蹄疫A型的抗体水平有两个县区未达到国家规定水平,其余县区均达到国家标准。应改进其免疫程序或更换保护力更强的疫苗,以提高羊群口蹄疫A型抗体水平,避免因口蹄疫A型病毒感染带来的经济损失。

Antibody level detection is an important indicator for effectively evaluating animal epidemic prevention work,and strengthening the monitoring of antibody levels of certain animal diseases in the jurisdiction can provide a scientific basis for formulating animal disease immunization procedures and prevention and control measures.In order to understand the immune antibody situation of foot-and-mouth disease in Zhaotong City from 2019 to 2022,the ELISA method was used to detect the level of immune antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease O and A viruses in a total of 17210 sheep serum in nine counties and districts of Zhaotong City over a four-year period,and compared the immunization effects of foot-and-mouth disease in sheep in different counties and different years.In the nine counties and districts where samples were collected,the foot-and-mouth disease O-type antibodies were higher than the national level(>70%);The antibody level of foot-and-mouth disease type A antibody in Suijiang County and Yiliang County did not reach the national level(>70%).In Zhaotong City,the qualification rate of immune antibodies to FMD O in Zhaotong City has generally met the requirements stipulated by the state,but the antibody level in some counties and districts is still at a relatively low level,and the immunization program should be adjusted on the original immunization program to achieve a better immunization level.The antibody levels of foot-and-mouth disease type A did not reach the national level in two counties and districts,and the rest of the counties and districts met the national standard.Their immunization schedules should be improved or more protective vaccines replaced to increase levels of FMD type A antibodies in flocks and avoid economic losses due to foot-and-mouth disease type A virus infection.