毛木耳不同生长期菌棒微生物群落研究

Microbial Community in Artificial Bed-Log in Different Fruiting Periods of Hairy Wood Ear(Auricularia cornea)

为探究毛木耳(Auricularia cornea)代料栽培子实体不同生育阶段菌棒内细菌和真菌群落,基于Illumina Miseq测序平台,对毛木耳4个出耳期(ful、pri、ope和mat)菌棒的微生物群落进行分析。获得细菌16S rRNA有效序列503724条,真菌ITS有效序列712728条。细菌物种注释分属25门54纲85目134科199属;真菌物种注释隶属5门9纲15目12科19属。菌棒中有非常丰富的细菌群落,主要分属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。相对丰度最高的前2个属:ful期是Lysinibacillus(25.71%)和Acinetobacter(14.38%);pri期是Pseudomonas(35.85%)和Solibacillus(14.85%);ope期是Lysinibacillus(36.42%)和Pseudomonas(21.73%);mat期是Acinetobacter(27.94%)和Ochrobactrum(14.92%)。基于PICRUSt代谢功能预测结果,菌棒细菌群落主要富集于外源生物降解与代谢、脂质代谢和碳水化合物代谢等。各时期菌棒真菌群落以担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为主,Auricularia为绝对优势菌属(99.19%~99.94%),此外检测出了丰度极低的Simplicillium(0.25%)等。常压灭菌条件下,毛木耳菌棒细菌群落多样性丰富且与现有报道的食用菌细菌性病害病原菌有同源之处,目的菌以Auricularia为优势菌属,未检测出柱霉属(Scytalidium)、青霉属(Penicillium)、链孢霉菌属(Streptomyces)等其他常见病原菌。本研究解析了毛木耳出耳期菌棒微生物群落,为菌棒、子实体生理病害发生及预防提供参考。

Bacterial and fungal communities in artificial bed-log(ABL)for hairy wood ear(Auricularia cornea)were explored,and collected samples from four wood ear fruiting stages(ful,pri,ope and mat)and analyzed their microbial composition using Illumina Miseq platform.The results has obtained effective sequences of bacterial 16S rRNA 503724 and fungal ITS 712728.The species annotation of bacterial were classified into 25 phyla,54 classes,85 orders,134 families,and 199 genera;and of fungal were classified into 5 phyla,9 classes,15 orders,12 families,and 19 genera.Specifically,there are abundant bacterial communities in ABL,which mainly belong to four phyla:Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes.Furthermore,the two genera with the highest relative abundance in each stage:Lysinibacillus(25.71%)and Acinetobacter(14.38%)at ful stage;Pseudomonas(35.85%),and Solibacillus(14.85%)at pri stage;Lysinibacillus(36.42%)and Pseudomonas(21.73%)at ope stage;Acinetobacter(27.94%)and Ochrobactrum(14.92%)at mat stage.Bacterial communities are mainly enriched in xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism,lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism based on PICRUSt analysis.More over,Auricularia was dominant,with relative abundance reach up to 99.19%-99.94%in each stage.On contrary,Simplicillium(0.25%)with extremely low abundance was detected.Under the condition of atmospheric sterilization,the bacterial communities in the cultivation matrix of A.cornea are abundant and have homology with the reported pathogens of bacterial diseases of edible fungi.The target fungi were mainly dominated by Auricularia,and undetected common pathogens,such as Scytalidium,Penicillium and Streptomyces and other common pathogens.This study had analyzed the microbial community in A.cornea ABL,and provided guidance for the occurrence and prevention of physiological diseases in ABL or fruiting body.