基于空气当量的燃烧热测定实验研究

Experimental Design for the Determination of Heat Combustion with Air as a Heat Absorbing Medium

设计了一种基于空气作为导热介质来测量物质燃烧热的方法。可燃物在氧气中燃烧,反应产生的热传递给吸热介质(空气)和仪器套件,使一定量的空气体积膨胀,压力增大,推导出在恒容条件下空气吸热膨胀压力与温度变化的定量关系,据此设计了一套测量燃烧热的实验装置及实验方案。通过分别在两个室温下对萘和蔗糖的燃烧热进行测定,结果表明,与文献值的相对误差分别为3.1%,2.1%,2.2%,实验结果良好。与传统的实验方法相比,实验药品用量减少可达60%,省去用水,使测量装置更加简洁、实验更易于操作且绿色环保,用时更少,提高了实验效率。

A method was designed to measure the heat of combustion of substances based on air as a heat conducting medium.Combustible materials burn in oxygen and the heat generated by the reaction is transferred to the heat absorbing medium and the instrument kits,which causes the volume of air in the heat sizer to expand and the pressure to increase.We derive a quantitative relationship between the pressure of the heat-absorbing expansion of air and the change in temperature at constant capacity.Therefore,an experimental set-up and experimental protocol for measuring the heat of combustion was designed.The heat of combustion of naphthalene and sucrose was determined separately at two temperatures.The results show that the relative errors to the literature values were 3.1%,2.1%,and 2.2%,respectively.Up to 60% reduction in drug usage compared to traditional experimental methods,no water,so that the measurement device is more concise,the experiment is easier to operate and green,and less time is used to improve the efficiency of the experiment.