公共机构实现碳中和运行的关键路径与方法研究

Research on the Key Path and Method for the Realization of Carbon Neutrality Operation in Public Institutions

我国公共机构约160万家,2019年碳排放量约为3.99亿吨,是实现“双碳”战略目标的重要实践主体。在对公共机构能源消费现状进行分析的基础上,较为全面地识别了不同范围碳排放的用能设备和相关活动,梳理了公共机构进行碳排放核算的基本流程,提出了“取消直接排放、减少间接排放、开展碳抵消”的公共机构碳中和运行关键路径。针对不同范围碳排放的减排重点内容,系统探究了公共机构建筑、数据中心、政府采购、日常办公、旅差出行、资产管理、限塑减污等方面的碳减排路径以及运用碳抵消助力实现碳中和的方法。同时,结合我国公共机构节能降碳工作实际,提出了相关对策建议,为推动我国公共机构实现碳中和运行提供思路和方法。

There are about 1.6 million public institutions in China,and the carbon emission in 2019 is about 399 million tons.It is an important practice part to achieve the“Dual Carbon”strategic goal.Based on the analysis of the current situation of energy consumption in public institutions,this paper comprehensively identifies the energy-consuming equipment and related activities of different scopes of carbon emissions,sorts out the basic process of carbon emission accounting by public institutions,and proposes the key path of carbon neutrality operation in public institutions to“eliminating direct emissions,reducing indirect emissions,and implementing carbon offset”.Aiming at the key content of carbon emission reduction in different scopes,this paper systematically explores the path of carbon emission reduction in public institution buildings,data center,government procurement,daily office,business trip,commuting,asset management,plastic limit and pollution reduction,as well as the method of using carbon offset to help realize carbon neutrality.At the same time,combined with the actual work of energy conservation and carbon reduction in public institutions,relevant suggestions are proposed to provide ideas and methods for promoting the realization of carbon neutrality operation in public institutions.