四位一体教学模式在本科护生社区护理实践教学中的应用

Effect of 4-in-1 method on teaching of community nursing practice

目的分析四位一体教学模式在本科护生社区护理实践教学中的应用效果。方法采用方便抽样方法,将2018年1月至2020年1月在本院社区健康服务中心实习的本科护生53名设为对照组,实施导师制的传统教学方法;将2020年2月至2022年12月在本院社区健康服务中心实习的本科护生48名设为试验组,在对照组基础上实施角色扮演、模拟教学、访谈及体验感悟四位一体的社区护理教学模式,两组分别有2批护生,每批护生约24~27名,每批护生实习2w。实习前后对护生理论、操作技能进行考核,实习后了解两组护生对不同教学方法的评价情况。结果实习前两组护生理论知识和护理技能考核成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实习后试验组护生理论知识和护理技能考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在提升护理技能水平、分析问题和解决问题能力、人际沟通能力、学习主动性及社区护理知识储备量评价方面,试验组护生满意率均较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论四位一体社区护理教学模式可提高本科护生社区护理理论知识水平与护理操作能力,同时该模式也得到护生的认可。

Objective To investigate the effect of the“4-in-1”teaching model on teaching of community nursing practice.Methods Convenient sampling method was employed to select 53 nursing undergraduate interns from the Community Health Service Centre at the Eighth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to January 2020 as a control group,and another 48 nursing undergraduate interns from the same community health centre,between February 2020 and December 2022,were assigned as an extrial group.In the control group,the traditional teaching method,namely the mentor-centred teaching was implemented,while with the extrial group the teaching model of“4-in-1”,namely a combination of role-playing,simulation teaching,interviews and sharing communication,was adapted in addition to the routine teaching method applied in the control group.Each group was further divided into two subgroups with approximately 24-27 interns per sub-group to take the 2 weeks internship practice.The knowledge of nursing theories and operation skills of nursing interns were tested before and after the 2 weeks internship.Feedbacks from interns about the teaching methods were surveyed after the two-week internship.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the test scores of theoretical knowledge and nursing operational skills between the two groups before the internship(P>0.05).However,after the internship,the test scores of theoretical knowledge and nursing operational skills in the extrial group were both significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).It was found that the extrial group exhibited a significantly higher level of satisfaction as compared to the control group(P<0.05),in terms of the improvement in nursing operational skills,abilities in clinical thinking,problem-solving and interpersonal communications,as well as learning initiative and knowledge of community nursing.Conclusions The“4-in-1”teaching model effectively enhances the theoretical knowledge among the nursing students and improves their nursing operational ability.The model is well accepted by the nursing undergraduate interns.