检视中国刑法视域下的危险犯

Examining the Dangerous Criminals in the Vision of China’s Criminal Law

危险犯可划分为具体危险犯、准抽象危险犯和抽象危险犯。《刑法》分则中有关“危害公共安全”“足以”“危及公共安全”“危及飞行安全”的表述,并非具体危险犯的标志。盗窃危险物质罪、破坏交通工具罪、妨害安全驾驶罪、暴力危及飞行罪是准抽象危险犯。持有犯并非都是继续犯和抽象危险犯。危险驾驶罪和污染环境罪均属于准抽象危险犯。单纯走私、运输、制造毒品的行为对公众健康只具有抽象性危险,所以,单纯走私、运输、制造毒品的行为,无论数量多大都不宜判处死刑。制作、复制不是《刑法》第363条第1款规定的实行行为,单纯制作、复制淫秽物品的行为不构成犯罪。妨害公务罪与袭警罪都是具体危险犯。

Dangerous criminals can be divided into specific dangerous criminals,quasi-abstract dangerous criminals and abstract criminals.The Criminal Law division of endangering public safety,enough,endangering public safety and endangering flight safety is not the sign of specific dangerous criminals.The crime of theft of dangers,the crime of destruction of transportation,the crime of obstructing the safety of safe driving,and the crime of violence endangering flying are quasi-abstract dangerous criminals.Holding criminals are not all continued criminals and abstract dangerous criminals.The crime of dangerous driving and the crime of environmental pollution are quasi-abstract dangerous criminals.The behavior of simply smuggling,transportation,and manufacturing drugs is only abstract for public health.Therefore,the act of simply smuggling,transportation,and manufacturing drugs,no matter how large the number is,it is not appropriate for the death penalty.Production and replication are not the practice stipulated in Article 363,Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law,and the behavior of simple production and replication of obscene items does not constitute a crime.The crime of obstructing public affairs and the crime of attacking the police are specific dangerous criminals.