我国重新包装产品平行进口的法律完善——基于对欧盟立法判例的借鉴

Legal Perfection of Parallel Import of Repackaged Products in China:Based on the Reference of EU Legislation and Jurisprudence

近些年有关重新包装产品平行进口的司法案件层出不穷,随着我国在新发展格局下高水平对外开放政策的实施,重新包装产品平行进口的合法性问题迫切需要解决。我国应当对标国际高水平经贸规则,借鉴欧盟相对成熟的立法和判例实践,特别是欧盟判例法中BMS规则,明确规定适用商标权国际用尽原则,并规定例外的情形,即原则上支持重新包装产品的平行进口,但对于产生“混淆可能性”、商品品质发生变化,或者造成商标权人声誉减损的重新包装产品,商标权人有权阻止该产品的平行进口。除此之外,相关部门还需要辅之以反不正当竞争法的视角,考察该平行进口是否会引起消费者的误认误购、损害国内经营者的市场信誉等不正当竞争情形。知识产权海关保护立法则应补充相关规则,并规定海关尽可能采取依申请保护模式。

In recent years,there have been numerous judicial cases related to the parallel import of repackaged products.With the implementation of China’s high-level opening-up policy under the new development pattern,there is an urgent need to address the legitimacy of parallel import of repackaged products.China should benchmark international high-level economic and trade rules,draw on the relatively mature legislation and case practice of the European Union,especially the BMS rule in EU case law,clearly stipulate the application of the principle of international exhaustion of trademark rights,and provide exceptions,that is,in principle,support the horizontal import of repackaged products,but for repackaged products that may cause confusion,changes in product quality,or damage to the reputation of trademark owners,the trademark owner has the right to prevent the parallel import of the product.In addition,it is necessary to supplement it with the perspective of anti-unfair competition law to examine whether the parallel import will cause consumers to mistake and purchase,damage the market reputation of domestic operators,and other unfair competition situations.The legislation on customs protection of IPRs should supplement relevant rules and stipulate that customs should adopt an application-based protection model as much as possible.