眼珠突高源流考略

Textual Research on Origin and Development of Exophthalmos in Traditional Chi⁃nese Medicine

眼珠突高即突眼症,是由多种疾病引起的一侧或双侧眼球突出的病证,属眼部常见疾病。自战国时期首次提出“目纵”,元明清时期拓展为“鹘眼凝睛”“状若鱼胞”以来,突眼症的中医病名持续丰富与发展。随着历代医家对突眼症认识的不断深入,其病程被分为慢性与急性,病因病机也被分为虚、实两端,实证以风、火、毒为主,病位与五脏、气分、三焦相关;虚证以五脏虚极,精亏气衰为主,病位与五脏、太阴相关。治疗方面,多采用针药并用、内服与外治相结合的方法。笔者通过梳理中医古籍中突眼症的病名及症状、病因病机、治疗原则,以期理清其学术脉络,为现代中西医结合治疗突眼症提供诊疗思路。

Exophthalmos is a common eye disease caused by a variety of diseases,one or both sides of the eyeball protrudes.The name of exophthalmos continues to enrich and develop since it was proposed as Muzong in the warring States period and expanded to Guyan Ningjing and Zhuangruo Yubao in the Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties.With the deepening of doctors'understanding of exophthalmos,the course of exophthalmos has been divided into chronic and acute,and the etiology and pathogenesis have also been divided into deficiency and excess,with the excess syndrome being dominated by wind,fire and toxicity,and the disease location is related to the five internal organs,liver,Qi,and triple energizer;The deficiency syndrome is due to deficiency of the five internal organs,and the disease position is related to the five internal organs,lung,kidney,and Taiyin.In terms of treatment,the method of combining acupuncture and medicine,internal and external treatment is adopted.By combing the names and symptoms,etiology,and treatment principles of synophthalmos in ancient books of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),the author aims to clarify its academic lineage and provide diagnostic and therapeutic ideas for the modern combination of TCM and Western Medicine in the treatment of exophthalmos.