细胞自噬在创面愈合中作用的研究进展

Advances of autophagy in wound healing

自噬是一种复杂且严格调控的途径,被认为是细胞程序性死亡的第二种类型,能消除受损或有害的细胞内成分来维持营养和能量稳态,这对机体而言是一种保护机制。对哺乳动物来说自噬的主要任务归结于防御、代谢和质量控制。近年来,创面愈合缺陷和慢性创面的出现已成为当今社会日益严重的问题,这可能与老龄化、糖尿病等因素有关。难愈合创面的高发病率严重降低受影响个体的生活质量,并给医疗保健系统带来巨大成本压力,临床多采取对症处理,但治疗结果通常不理想,主要原因是对创面修复的细胞分子机制仍没有充分的了解。目前越来越多的研究表明自噬几乎参与创面修复的各个阶段,其具体机制尚在逐步研究中,本文将综述自噬的相关过程及调节,以及在创面愈合研究中的进展与突破。

Autophagy,a complex and tightly regulated process,is considered the second type of programmed cell death.It eliminates damaged or harmful intracellular components to maintain nutrient and energy homeostasis and functions as a protective mechanism against organisms.Autophagy mainly contributes to defense,metabolism,and quality control in mammals.In recent years,the prevalence of wound-healing defects and chronic wounds has considerably increased,which may be attributed to factors such as aging and diabetes.Moreover,the increased incidence of nonhealing wounds significantly reduces the quality of life of patients and imposes a massive financial burden on the healthcare system.Despite being widely adopted in clinical practice,symptomatic treatment generally results in unsatisfactory outcomes,mainly due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing.Although several studies have demonstrated the involvement of autophagy in almost all stages of wound healing,specific mechanisms for the same are under investigation.This study reviewed the relevant processes and regulation of autophagy along with the progress and breakthroughs made in the research on wound healing.