某创伤中心6479例创伤患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of 6479 Trauma Patients in a Trauma Center

目的分析创伤中心收治创伤患者的流行病学特征,为提高创伤救治质量提供参考。方法回顾性分析某院创伤中心2020年6月1日-2022年5月31日救治的6479例创伤患者的临床资料,统计分析其年龄、性别、创伤时间、致伤原因及主要受伤部位等方面数据。结果共收治患者8407例,其中数据完整者6479例,男性3957例,女性2542例,男女比例为1.56:1;创伤原因顺位依次为高坠/跌倒(37.74%),交通事故(18.13%),其他创伤(14.48%),暴力袭击/性侵犯(12.3%),锐器刺伤/枪伤/贯通伤(9.72%),机械损伤(4.85%),扭伤(0.65%),砸伤(0.6%),冬季运动伤(0.57%),医疗损伤(0.39%),动物咬伤(0.29%),玻璃割伤(0.2%),殴打伤(0.08%);不同创伤部位间分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);创伤发生时间以10时~12时及16时~22时为主;5月~6月、8月~9月为主,11月~2月最少。结论创伤多发于中青年,男性高于女性,交通事故和高坠/跌倒是创伤发生的两大原因,医疗机构可以根据创伤的特征采取相应的防治措施,政府可以依此制定相应的创伤防控政策,以达到提高创伤救治质量和防治水平的目的。

Objectives This study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma patients admitted to trauma centers and provide theoretical references for improving the quality of trauma treatment.Methods The clinical data of 6479 trauma patients treated in the trauma center of a hospital from June 1,2020 to May 31,2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The data of their age,gender,time of trauma,causes of injury,and main injury sites were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 8407 patients were admitted from June 1,2020 to May 31,2022,including 6479 patients with complete data,3957 males and 2542 females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.56:1.The causes of trauma ranked in the order were falling from high places/falling(37.74%),traffic and transportation accidents(18.13%),other trauma(14.48%),violent assault/sexual assault(12.3%),sharp instrument stab/gunshot/penetrating injury(9.72%),mechanical injury(4.85%),sprain(0.65%),bruise(0.6%),winter sports injury(0.57%),medical injury(0.39%),animal bite(0.29%),glass cut(0.2%),and beating injury(0.08%).The distribution difference among different trauma sites was statistically significant(P<0.001).Trauma mainly occurred from May to June and August to September,with the least in winter(November to February).Conclusions Trauma mostly occurs in young and middle-aged people,while males are more common than females.Traffic and transportation accidents and falls/falls from high places are the two major causes of trauma.Medical institutions can take corresponding prevention and control measures according to the characteristics of trauma,and the government can formulate corresponding trauma prevention and control policies to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of trauma treatment and the level of prevention and treatment.