2006—2021年云南省学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情流行特征和处置情况分析

Epidemiologic features and disposal effect analysis of mump epidemics outbroken in schools in Yunnan Province from 2006 to 2021

目的了解云南省2006—2021年学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情流行病学特征和处置情况,为学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的防控策略提供依据。方法对2006—2021年云南省学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情进行描述性流行病学分析,并对疫情报告及时性与持续时间进行Spearman秩相关分析。结果2006—2021年云南省共报告学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情220起,共报告病例11690例。报告事件级别以一般事件为主;报告事件起数总体呈下降趋势,2020和2021年报告事件起数明显下降,其中有3个流行高峰,分别为2006、2011和2019年;报告时间集中在每年的4~6月和10~12月,呈现春、秋2个流行高峰;疫情发生场所主要在农村小学;报告事件起数居前3位的地区是昆明市、临沧市、德宏州;疫情报告及时性和疫情持续时间呈正相关(r_(s)=0.56,P<0.05)。结论2006—2021年云南省学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情呈周期性变化,报告事件起数总体呈现下降趋势,农村小学是云南省学校流行性腮腺炎疫情暴发的重点场所,应加强流行性腮腺炎疫情监测,提高监测敏感性,及早发现和介入能有效控制疫情发生。

Objective To understand the epidemiologic features and disposition of mump epidemics outbroken in schools in Yunnan Province from 2006 to 2021,and to provide references for the prevention and control strategy of mump epidemics outbroken in schools.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of mump epidemics outbroken in schools in Yunnan Province from 2006 to 2021.Meanwhile,Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the timeliness of epidemic report and epidemic duration.Results From 2006 to 2021,a total of 220 school mump epidemics outbroken and 11690 cases were reported in Yunnan Province.The reporting event level was mainly based on general events.Overall tendency of the number of reported mump epidemics outbroken in schools was decreasing.It showed an obvious downward trend of the number of reported events in 2020 and 2021.There were three epidemic peaks:2006,2011 and 2019.Reports were concentrated in April-June and October-December each year,presenting two epidemic peaks in spring and autumn.The epidemic outbreaks occurred mainly in rural primary schools.Kunming City,Lincang City,and Dehong Prefecture were the top three regions with the highest number of reported outbreaks.There was a positive correlation between the timeliness of epidemic reporting and the epidemic duration(r_(s)=0.56,P<0.05).Conclusion From 2006 to 2021,the regularity of mump epidemics outbroken in schools in Yunnan Province is periodic,and the overall trend of number of reported events shows a downward trend.Rural primary schools are the key places for the mump epidemics outbroken in schools in Yunnan Province.We should strengthen mump epidemic monitoring and improve monitoring sensitivity.Early detection and intervention can effectively control the epidemic situation.