织锦巴非蛤稚贝与饵料微藻的脂质组成及分析

Lipid Composition and Analysis of Paphia textile Juveniles and Microalgae

为了揭示织锦巴非蛤(Paphia textile)稚贝与3种饵料微藻的脂质组成特征及其相关性,本研究用氯仿-甲醇提取织锦巴非蛤稚贝和饵料微藻中的脂质,采用液液萃取技术分离,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对脂质进行分类和鉴定,采用色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组成成分的相对含量。结果显示,从5个样品中共鉴定出7类化合物,鉴定出的化合物占总峰面积的97%以上,主要为烷烃类化合物和脂肪酸。聚类分析结果显示,5个样品的长链脂肪酸可以聚类成2组,第一组包括织锦巴非蛤(湿、干)、球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)和牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri),第二组为青岛大扁藻(Tetrasemis helgolandica)。5个样品长链脂肪酸的主成分分析显示,主要分为主成分1(60.8%)和主成分2(23.0%),织锦巴非蛤、青岛大扁藻与主成分1显著相关,棕榈酸(C16:0)、亚麻酸(C18:3n3)、反油酸(C18:1n9t)、亚油酸(C18:2n6)、硬脂酸(C18:0)可作为其特征脂肪酸成分。研究表明,虽然织锦巴非蛤的长链脂肪酸和球等鞭金藻、牟氏角毛藻更相似,但是青岛大扁藻更能满足其脂质营养需求,是织锦巴非蛤稚贝培育期的优良饵料,建议在培育织锦巴非蛤稚贝时以投喂青岛大扁藻为主的同时混合投喂牟氏角毛藻和球等鞭金藻。

In order to reveal the lipid composition characteristics and their correlation between Paphia textile juveniles and three kinds of bait microalgae,the lipids in P.textile juveniles and bait microalgae were extracted with chloroform methanol,and separated by liquid-liquid extraction technology.The lipids were classified and identified by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS),and the relative content of each component was determined by chromatographic peak area normalization method.The results showed that a total of seven compounds were identified from the five samples,and the identified compounds accounted for more than 97%of the total peak area,mainly alkanes and fatty acids.Cluster analysis showed that the Long-Chain Fatty Acids(LCFAs)of the five samples could be clustered into two groups,the first group included the juvenile of P.textile(dried and wet),Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri and the second group was Tetrasemis helgolandica.The principal component analysis of LCFAs in the five samples showed that the main components were principle component 1(60.8%)and principle component 2(23.0%).The principal components 1 were significantly related to P.textile and T.helgolandica,and palmitic acid(C16:0),linolenic acid(C18:3n3),elaidic acid(C18:1n9t),linoleic acid(C18:2n6),and stearic acid(C18:0)could be their characteristic fatty acid components.Studies have shown that although the LCFAs of P.textile are more similar to I.galbana and C.muelleri,T.helgolandica can better meet the lipids nutrition requirements of P.textile,and it is an excellent diet for the cultivation of juvenile P.textile.It is suggested that the mixed feeding of I.galbana and C.muelleri should be conducted when mainly feeding T.helgolandica.