马克思哲学革命的视域转换与历史生成向度

On the Perspective Transformation and Historical GenerationDimension of Marxist Philosophical Revolution

马克思的哲学革命诞生于黑格尔唯心主义哲学和费尔巴哈直观唯物主义哲学基础之上。马克思站在实践唯物主义立场上,从主体性视角出发,走出了形而上学的思辨迷雾,确立起以实践为中介来说明主客统一的分析理路,进而在对“现实的人”的本质之揭示中使人的主体性得以彰显,以此说明意识是人的生产活动的观念再现、精神变革取决于物质生产方式的变革。正是在这种强调历史变革的生成论视角下,马克思以“实践思维方式”实现思维方式的范式转换,从“现实的人”及其对象性活动出发阐明了社会历史作为“人类生产史”的本质,从而在历史生成论视域下完成了从“解释世界”到“改变世界”的哲学革命。

Marxism’s philosophical revolution was born on the basis of Hegel’s philosophy of Idealism and Ludwig Feuerbach’s philosophy of intuitive materialism.From the standpoint of practical materialism and from the perspective of subjectivity,Marxism stepped out of the metaphysical fog of speculation and established an analytical approach that uses practice as an intermediary to illustrate the unity of subject and object,furthermore,in the process of revealing the essence of“real man”,the subjectivity of man is revealed to show that consciousness is the reproduction of the idea of man’s productive activities,and the transformation of spirit depends on the transformation of material mode of production.It is in this generative perspective,which emphasizes historical change,that Marxism uses“practical thinking mode”to realize the paradigm shift of thinking mode,the essence of social history as“the history of human production”is expounded from the point of view of realistic human beings and their objective activities,the philosophical revolution from“explaining the world”to“changing the world”has been completed in the perspective of historical generation theory.