基于城乡融合视角的农村劳动力就业形势、路径与对策研究——以广州为例

The Study on the Employment Situation, Path, and Countermeasures ofRural Labor Force from the Perspective of Urban Rural Integration——A Case Study of Guangzhou

中共二十大报告提出,实施就业优先战略,健全就业促进机制,促进高质量充分就业。本文详细分析了广州农村劳动力资源现状及趋势演变,对农村劳动力就业形势进行研判:农村要素市场持续发育,推动农村劳动力就业规模变化和身份转变;农业现代化、产业融合化、集群化创新趋势,塑造农业创业就业新动能;新型农业经营体系加快构建,促进农村创业组织方式变革;小农户和现代农业的关联性不强;农业从业人员素质结构有待提升;农村劳动力转移创业的制度支持不足。提出促进劳动力就业对策建议:完善就业政策体系,加强政策之间协同性;大力发展吸纳农村劳动力密集型产业;调整金融政策,优化涉农金融扶持体系;建设高水平就业服务平台,增强服务保障能力;关注就业需求,维护农村劳动力合法权益;提供精准职业技能培训,大力提升技能水平。

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to implement the employment priority strategy,improve the employment promotion mechanism,and promote high-quality and full employment.The article provides a detailed analysis of the current situation and trend evolution of rural labor resources in Guangzhou,and evaluates the employment situation of rural labor.The sustained development of rural factor markets promotes changes in the scale and identity of rural labor employment;The trend of integrating and clustering innovation in agricultural modernization industries,shaping new driving forces for agricultural entrepreneurship and employment;Accelerate the construction of a new agricultural management system and promote the transformation of rural entrepreneurial organizational methods;The correlation between small farmers and modern agriculture is not strong;The quality structure of agricultural practitioners needs to be improved;Insufficient institutional support for rural labor transfer and entrepreneurship.Propose countermeasures and suggestions to promote labor employment:improve the employment policy system and strengthen the synergy between policies;Vigorously developing and absorbing rural labor-intensive industries;Adjusting financial policies and optimizing the agricultural financial support system;Building a high-levelemployment service platform and enhancing service guarantee capabilities;Pay attention to employment needs and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of rural labor force;Provide precise vocational skill training and vigorously improve skill levels.