地下围栏对马铃薯田甘肃鼢鼠的防治效果研究

Study on the Control Effect of Underground Fence on Gansu Zokor in Potato Field

甘肃鼢鼠是一种广泛分布于黄土高原地区的地下害鼠,无冬眠和夏眠现象,食性广泛,但其活动取食范围相对比较固定,本文针对被广泛应用于农田地上害鼠防控的TBS系统原理,在甘肃鼢鼠防治中的探索研究围栏防治效果及可行性.结果表明各围栏均能减少处理区甘肃鼢鼠对马铃薯的为害,提高马铃薯产量,封闭式竹条地下围栏对甘肃鼢鼠具有较好的阻截作用,能够完全阻截甘肃鼢鼠迁入处理区取食为害,但金属网地下围栏不能完全阻截甘肃鼢鼠迁入为害.封闭式竹条地下围栏处理区甘肃鼢鼠未迁入为害,为害率为0%;带诱捕孔的开放式金属网地下围栏处理区平均受害面积1.8m^(2),为害率达7.2%,但诱捕孔不能诱捕甘肃鼢鼠;开放式金属网地下围栏处理区平均受害面积2.47 m^(2),为害率达9.87%.三者对马铃薯增产分别达33.06%,28.54%和19.73%.本研究为探索围栏系统对甘肃鼢鼠的防控提供了非常高的指导意义.

Gansu zokor is a kind of underground rodent widely distributed in the Loess Plateau.It does not hibernate in winter and summer,and has a wide range of feeding habits.However,its active feeding range is relatively fixed.In this paper,the principle of TBS system,which is widely used in the prevention and control of ground rodents in farmland,is used to explore the effect and feasibility of fence in the prevention and control of Gansu zokor.The results showed that each fence could reduce the damage of Gansu zokor to potato in the treatment area and increase the yield of potato.The closed bamboo underground fence had a good blocking effect on Gansu zokor,which could completely block the feeding damage of Gansu zokor in the treatment area,but the metal net underground fence could not completely block the migration of Gansu zokor.There was no Gansu zokor moved into the closed bamboo underground fence treatment area,and the damage rate was 0%.The average damage area in the open metal net underground fence with trapping holes treatment area was 1.8 m^(2),and the damage rate was 7.2%,and the trapping holes could not trap Gansu zokor.The average damage area in the open metal mesh underground fence treatment area was 2.47 m^(2),and the damage rate is 9.87%.The yield of potato increased by 33.06%,28.54% and 19.73%,respectively.This study provides a very high guiding significance for exploring the fence system for the prevention and control of Gansu zokor.