石墨烯复配甲基膦酸二甲酯对乙烯基酯树脂及玻纤增强复合材料阻燃性能的影响

Effects of graphene and dimethyl methylphosphonate on flame retardant properties of vinyl ester resins and glass fiber reinforced composites

采用石墨烯甲基膦酸二甲酯(DMMP)复配阻燃剂对乙烯基酯树脂及玻纤增强复合材料进行改性。通过垂直燃烧(UL-94)试验、极限氧指数(LOI)试验、热质量分析(TGA)试验和锥形量热试验,研究石墨烯与DMMP的复配比例对乙烯基酯树脂及玻纤增强复合材料阻燃性能与热稳定性能的影响。结果表明:质量分数0.83%石墨烯16.60%DMMP复配改性乙烯基酯树脂及玻纤增强复合材料试件的UL 94试验均可通过垂直燃烧防火等级(V-0级)。加入质量分数0.41%石墨烯16.59%DMMP复配阻燃剂后,树脂试件的热释放速率(HRR)、总热释放量(THR)和总烟释放量(TSR)与纯乙烯基酯树脂试件相比,分别下降34.3%、70%和36.4%。质量分数0.41%石墨烯16.59%DMMP复配改性的复合材料试件的LOI为39.1%,烟密度降低,说明石墨烯DMMP复配体系能够提高试件的阻燃性能和抑烟性能。石墨烯与DMMP复配后,试件的最大热分解速率增大,燃烧后碳层的石墨化程度提高,增强了试件的热稳定性。分析表明:石墨烯DMMP复配体系的阻燃机制是气相阻燃和凝聚相阻燃相结合。

Vinyl ester resin and glass fiber reinforced composites were modified by graphene-dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)compound flame retardant.The effects of the compound ratio of graphene and DMMP on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of vinyl ester resin and glass fiber reinforced composites were studied by vertical combustion(UL-94)test,limit oxygen index(LOI)test,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)test and cone calorimetry test.Results indicated that the UL-94 test of 0.83%graphene-16.60%DMMP compound modified vinyl ester resin and glass fiber reinforced composites specimens could pass vertical burning fire rating V-0 grade.After adding 0.41%graphene-16.59%DMMP compound flame retardant,the heat release rate(HRR),total heat release(THR)and total smoke release(TSR)of resin specimens decreased by 34.3%,70%and 36.4%,respectively,compared with pure vinyl ester resin specimens.Similarly,the LOI of the composite specimen modified by 0.41%graphene-16.59%DMMP compound was 39.1%and the smoke density decreased,indicating that the graphene-DMMP compound system improved the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the specimens.The maximum thermal decomposition rate of the specimens increased after the combination of graphene and DMMP,the graphitization degree of the carbon layer increased after combustion,and the thermal stability of the specimen was enhanced.The analysis showed that the flame retardant mechanism of graphene-DMMP compound system was the combination of gas phase flame retardant and condensed phase flame retardant.