阿尔及利亚In Salah油田CO_(2)地质封存示范工程的启示

Enlightenment of CO_(2) Geological Storage Demonstration Project in In Salah Oilfield,Algeria

阿尔及利亚In Salah油田CO_(2)地质封存工程是全球首个陆地具有工业规模的CO_(2)地质封存示范工程,具有断裂特征复杂、地质力学响应明显、监测方案多样等特点。通过对该示范工程进行解剖,分析了整个项目在地质特征、地质力学分析、注入方案、监测方案等方面的经验和教训,讨论了碳捕获、利用与封存(CCUS)示范工程面对的挑战和启示。结果表明:①断裂复杂的场地可用于CO_(2)地质封存,但CO_(2)注入前期需制定相应的监测方案,明确具体渗漏风险,后期在运行阶段进行调整;②基于CO_(2)地质封存的安全性考虑,定期进行风险评估,需对储层、盖层的地质和地质力学进行详细的表征,建立考虑安全性的地质-渗流-应力耦合模型;③合成孔径干涉雷达测量(InSAR)数据对于明确CO_(2)注入的地质力学响应非常有利,但需要与高精度的储层、盖层数据相结合。这对于开展“双碳”目标下CCUS示范工程具有重要意义,可以为国内今后开展CCUS或CO_(2)捕集或封存(CCS)大型示范工程提供思路和参考。

The CO_(2) geological storage project in In Salah oilfield,Algeria is the world s first onshore industrial scale CO_(2) geological storage demonstration project.It has the characteristics of complex fracture characteristics,obvious geomechanical response,and various monitoring schemes.Through dissecting the demonstration project,the experience and lessons of the whole project in geological characteristics,geomechanical analysis,injection scheme and monitoring scheme were analyzed,and the challenges and enlightment faced by Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)demonstration project were discussed.The results show that①sites with complex fractures can be used for CO_(2) geological storage,but a corresponding monitoring plan must be formulated in the early stage of CO_(2) injection to clarify the specific leakage risks,and adjustments should be made later in the operation stage;②based on the safety considerations of CO_(2) geological storage,risk assessment should be carried out regularly,the geology and geomechanics of the reservoir should be characterized in detail,and the geological-seepage-geomechanic coupling model considering safety should be established;③InSAR data are very useful for determining the geomechanical response to CO_(2) injection,but need to be combined with high-precision reservoir cap data.This is of great significance for carrying out CCUS demonstration projects toward the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,and provides ideas and references for the development of large-scale CCUS or Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS)demonstration projects in China in the future.