设计之物?再论设计史与物质文化研究的关系与界限

The Designed Object?Relationship and Demarcation of Design History and Material Culture Studies

“物质文化”成为设计史研究的一个关键词,这一现象背后是设计史的“物转向”。波及整个人文社科的“物转向”,在设计史领域主要表现为设计史和物质文化研究的同盟关系。设计史将物质文化作为一个第三方引入了一场经典论辩:设计究竟是艺术还是技术?这为设计史带来了一批以物为中心的研究。不过,设计史没有全盘接受物质文化研究,它将自身定义为一门学科的取向与物质文化研究对学科化的拒绝存在分歧。设计史关注“设计之物”,将物质文化视为扩展研究空间的一种手段。当下,设计史的物转向已构型为一类范式,相较于物质文化研究的广泛兴趣,设计史对物质文化有着特殊的关注点。

"Material culture"has become a keyword in design history,behind this phenomenon is the"material turn"in design history.The"material turn",which has spread throughout the humanities and social sciences,has manifested itself in the field of design history as an alliance between design history and material culture studies.Design history introduced material culture as a third party to a classic debate:is design art or technology?This tactic brought a great number of object-centred studies into design history.However,design history did not accept material culture studies entirely,and its orientation towards defining itself as a discipline diverged from material culture studies rejection of disciplinarization.Design history has focused on the"designed object",seeing material culture as a means of expanding the research scope.The material turn in design history has now been constructed as a paradigm with a particular focus on material culture compared to the broader interest in material culture studies.