无反射电磁超构表面研究进展

Research progress of reflectionless electromagnetic metasurfaces

电磁超构表面是一类由单层或多层亚波长人工微结构组成的平面电磁材料,可以在亚波长尺度下实现对电磁波的振幅、相位、波前、色散、偏振态以及角动量等多个维度的精准调控,其中无反射电磁超构表面为实现高效率电磁器件提供了新理论与新方案。本文综述了无反射电磁超构表面的理论与应用,从惠更斯原理、电磁谐振、布儒斯特效应三个方面阐明了无反射超构表面的基本原理,介绍了相关的重要应用,包括异常折射、偏振操控、超构减反膜、电磁波完美吸收等,并对该领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了总结与展望。

Electromagnetic metasurfaces,as a class of planar electromagnetic materials consisting of single-layer or multilayer subwavelength artificial micro-structures,can precisely control the amplitude,phase,wavefront,dispersion,polarization,and angular momentum of electromagnetic waves in the subwavelength scale.In particular,reflectionless electromagnetic metasurfaces provide new theories and schemes for realizing highefficiency electromagnetic devices.In this review,we elaborate the underlying mechanism of reflectionless metasurfaces from the perspective of the Huygens principle,electromagnetic resonances and the Brewster effect.We also discuss the important applications including anomalous refraction,polarization manipulation,metaantireflection coatings,and perfect electromagnetic absorption,and point out the challenges and potentials of this field.