肾脏疾病中DNA甲基化的潜在作用机制

Potential mechanisms of DNA methylation in kidney disease

DNA甲基化是DNA化学修饰的一种形式,能够在不改变DNA序列的前提下,改变遗传表现。肾脏疾病包括急性肾损伤(AKI)、慢性肾脏病(CKD)、糖尿病肾病(DKD)、膜性肾病(MN)、多囊肾病和肾癌等。目前的研究在AKI的发生和修复、DKD的足细胞损伤、慢性肾炎的发展、慢性肾病肾纤维化的发展过程及其他肾病的发展过程中均发现了DNA的高甲基化或去甲基化。本文综述了DNA甲基化在肾脏疾病领域的主要研究及其作为标志物和潜在治疗靶点的相关文献,详细总结了目前研究较多的DKD和CKD领域的DNA甲基化潜在机制,同时在查阅文献过程中发现MN的DNA甲基化研究这一领域尚处于空白阶段,并对此提出思考和展望。

DNA methylation is a form of chemical modification of DNA that alters genetic performance without altering DNA sequence.Kidney diseases include acute kidney injury(AKI),chronic kidney disease(CKD),diabetic nephropathy(DKD),membranous nephropathy(MN),polycystic kidney disease,and renal cancer.Present studies have identified hypermethylation or demethylation of DNA in the development and repair of AKI,podocyte injury in DKD,development of chronic nephritis,development of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease,and development of other renal diseases.In this paper,the main research of DNA methylation in the field of kidney disease and its role as a marker and potential therapeutic target are reviewed,and the potential mechanisms of DNA methylation in the field of DKD and CKD,which are currently extensively studied,are summarized in detail.Meanwhile,the field of DNA methylation research in MN is still in a blank stage during the review of the literature,and ideas and prospects are put forward for this.