猴痘病毒的感染与猴痘的动物模型

Monkeypox virus infection and the animal model of monkeypox

猴痘是猴痘病毒(monkeypox virus,MPXV)感染引起的传染性疾病。猴痘病毒的宿主依然没有完全明确,啮齿类与非人灵长类动物被认为是潜在的宿主。猴痘正在全世界范围内逐渐扩散,但我国一直以来并未开展猴痘的动物模型的研究。作为一种严重危害人类健康的病原体,猴痘病毒有多种感染类型;其在人群中的传播呈现新的特点。因此本文论述了猴痘病毒发现的经过与早期疫情、不同的感染类型和共感染。此外,本文还介绍了啮齿类和非人灵长类动物的实验性感染与猴痘动物模型。

Monkeypox is an infectious disease caused by monkeypox virus(MPXV)infection.The host of MPXV remains unclear,and rodents and non-human primates are considered to be potential hosts.Monkeypox is rapidly spreading worldwide.However,animal models of monkeypox have not been established in China.MPXV is a pathogen that seriously threatens human health.Its transmission among the population has presented new characteristics.Therefore,this article describes the discovery of MPXV and the early epidemic,different types of infection,and coinfection.Additionally,experimental infection and animal models of monkeypox in rodents and non-human primates are expounded.