非中心城市高铁可达性与站区空间发展不协调性——基于“节点——场所”模型的评估

The Inconsistency Between High-speed Railway Accessibility and Spatial Develop-ment of Station Areas in Non-central Cities:Evaluation Based on"Node-Place"Model

由于区域中非中心城市往往缺乏对高速铁路外部效应的合理认知,导致站区空间开发成效与规划预期不相符。优化“节点—场所”模型,分析高铁站节点特征与站区空间发展、功能培育两方面场所特征的关系,揭示高铁可达性变化和站区场所发展的不协调特征。对比沪蓉高铁线湖北段12个非区域中心城市高铁站区的发展成效,发现高铁可达性的提升并不能增加站区的发展动力,多数非中心城市高铁站区的土地开发规模、服务功能发育远低于规划预期,仅有少数旅游、休闲等特色产业突出的城市高铁站区发展达成部分规划目标。对非中心城市高铁站区的规划建设提出建议,包括结合城市产业科学确定站区定位和规模,合理组织站区空间,促进客流集聚效应外溢等。

Non-central cities in the region often fail to recognize the external effects of high-speed railroads,and the spatial development of station areas is not in line with planning expectations.This paper optimizes the"node-place"model to measure the node and the place characteristics of the station area from the perspective of spatial development and functional cultivation,revealing the uncoordinated characteristics of high-speed rail accessibility changes and place development of station areas in non-central cities.A comparative analysis is conducted on the planning expectations and development effectiveness for 12 stations in non-central cities of Hubei section of the Shanghai-Chengdu High-speed Railway.It is found that the improved accessibility brought by high-speed rail does not increase the spatial development momentum of station areas.In most non-central cities,the scale of land development and service function development of high-speed rail station area is far below the planning expectation,and only a few cities with prominent tourism,leisure and other featured industries achieve part of the planning target for the spatial development of high-speed rail station area.Two suggestions are put forward:to determine the positioning and scale of the station area scientifically by combining with urban industries and organize the space of the station area reasonably,and to promote the spillover effect of passenger flow concentration.