企业数据精准确权的理论机理与实现路径

Theoretical Mechanism and Implementation Path of Rights of Enterprise Data

数据确权是数据流通利用的基本前提。根据数据特性与数据处理活动的基本原理,可将信息和数据的一系列行为和活动分为数据物质体的生产行为、信息价值体的处理行为和外部治理行为。依据霍菲尔德权利分析理论和主体对于客体利用的权能理论,可对数据的持有、利用、共享等行为分别创设权利边界。在区分数据生产、数据处理和数据治理等行为的基础上,数据可在提供者、采集者、存储者和信息的加工者、分配者、使用者等不同主体之间进行精准确权。数据确权的实现既需要完善数据治理规则体系,也需要制定完善相应标准以及程序等,同时企业也需要在多向度进行管理创新,以适应数智化时代的多方面要求并前瞻数字社会发展中的结构性难题。

Data ownership is the fundamental prerequisite for data circulation and utilization.According to the basic principles of data characteristics and data processing activities,a series of behaviors and activities of information and data can be divided into the production behavior of data entities,the processing behavior of information value entities,and data governance.According to the Hohfeld rights analysis theory and the subject's power theory of object utilization,rights boundaries can be created for the holding,utilization,and sharing of data.On the basis of distinguishing behaviors such as data production,data processing,and data governance,data can be accurately confirmed between different entities such as providers,collectors,storage providers,and information processors,distributors,and users.The implementation of the relevant system requires improving the rules of data governance,as well as formulating and improving corresponding standards and procedures.At the same time,enterprises should also carry out management innovation in multiple dimensions to adapt to the multifaceted requirements of the digital age and anticipate structural challenges in the development of the digital society.