论知识产权行为保全“胜诉可能性”要件的重塑——以短视频版权纠纷为切入点

On the reconstruction of“likelihood of success”element of act preservation in short video copyright dispute

知识产权行为保全实质审查要件可以概括为“胜诉可能性”“难以弥补的损害”“利益平衡”与“公共利益”四要件。当前,在短视频领域知识产权行为保全制度的频繁适用受到广泛质疑,其根源在于“胜诉可能性”要件的认定标准过高。围绕行为保全预防性权利保护的制度宗旨,法院应当遵循“固定要件—灵活模式”的判断准则坚持对“胜诉可能性”进行个案认定,强调“难以弥补的损害”及担保制度与“胜诉可能性”的反比例关系。考虑到短视频侵权形式隐蔽与认定复杂的特性,可以适当降低“胜诉可能性”证明标准,运用“难以弥补的损害”与担保因素对其证明力进行补强,以化解短视频行为保全制度的适用困境,进一步完善短视频版权纠纷事前解决机制。

The constitutive elements of intellectual property act preservation essential examination can be summarized as“likelihood of success”,“irreparable injury”,“balance of interests”and“public interest”.Recently,the frequent application of intellectual property act preservation in short video field has been widely questioned,the root of which is that the application standard of“likelihood of success”in the review elements of intellectual property act preservation is too high.Centering on the system purpose of the preventive rights of protection,the court should adhere to the judgment criterion of“fixed elements-flexible mode”to conduct case identification in“likelihood of success”,and emphasize the inverse relationship between“irreparable injury”,the guarantee system and“likelihood of success”.Given the features of concealed form and complex identity of short video copyright infringement,it is suitable to reduce the identifying standard of“likelihood of success”.Using“irreparable injury”and guarantee system to strengthen the proof of“likelihood of success”is helpful to resolve the dilemma of application of short video act preservation system,and further improve the mechanism of resolving short video disputes in advance.