产业智能化与区域就业质量--基于中国省域静态面板和空间面板视角

Industrial Intelligence and Regional Employment Quality:Based on The Perspective of Static Panels and Spatial Panels in China’s Provinces

以智能技术和产业融合为表征的产业智能化改变了企业生产模式选择,并对劳动力市场产生冲击。在分析产业智能化对劳动力就业质量影响机理基础上,利用中国除西藏外30省份(市、自治区)的面板数据,实证检验产业智能化对劳动力就业质量的影响及空间溢出效应。结果表明:第一,产业智能化显著提升了区域劳动力就业质量,且在缓解内生性、替换关键指标及模型误设检验等一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;第二,分维度考察发现,产业智能化显著提升就业报酬并改善了就业环境,与“素质教育”类就业能力形成互补关系,但对就业保护力度的影响不明显。第三,基于不同地区资源禀赋条件,研究发现产业智能化对高技术密集度以及高劳动者维权力度地区就业质量的提升效应更显著;第四,基于空间杜宾模型分析表明,就业质量不存在显著的空间关联性,但产业智能化对就业质量会产生显著的正向空间溢出效应。政府应助推产业智能化关键技术研发,促进职业教育体系深化改革,并加强区域间智能技术的合作与交流,以期形成产业智能化协同发展机制,助力高质量就业的实现。

Industrial intelligence,characterized by intelligent technology and industrial integration,changes the choice of production modes of enterprises and has an impact on the labor market.Based on the analysis of the impact mechanism of industrial intelligence on labor employment quality,this paper uses panel data from 30 provinces(cities and autonomous regions)in China except Tibet to empirically test the impact of industrial intelligence on labor employ-ment quality and the Spatial spillover effects.The results show that industrial intelligence has significantly improved the quality of regional labor employment,and it is still established after a series of robustness tests,such as alleviating endogeneity,replacing key indicators,and model misdesigning tests.Second,the sub-dimension investigation of em-ployment quality found that industrial intelligence has significantly increased employment remuneration and improved the employment environment,forming a complementary relationship with the employability of"quality education",but it has no obvious impact on employment protection.Third,based on the resource endowment conditions of different re-gions,this paper found that industrial intelligence has a more significant effect on the improvement of employment quality in the high technology-intensive regions and regions with high labor rights protection.Fourth,based on the spa-tial Durbin model analysis,this paper shows that there is no significant spatial correlation between employment quali-ty,but industrial intelligence will have a significant positive spatial spillover effect on employment quality.The govern-ment should boost the research and development of key technologies for industrial intelligence,and promote the deep-ening reform of the vocational education system,and strengthen the cooperation and exchange of intelligent technolo-gies between regions,with a view to forming a mechanism for the coordinated development of industrial intelligence and facilitating the realization of high-quality employment.