话语历史分析视角下日本国家形象建构研究——以外务大臣答记者问疫情话语为例

A Study on the Construction of Japan’s National Image from the Perspective of Discourse History Analysis:Taking the Foreign Minister’s Answers to Reporters’Questions about COVID-19 as an Example

国家形象建构是对外传播的重要环节。本研究以日本外务大臣疫情情况答记者问政治话语为语料自建目标语料库,利用话语历史分析法的理论框架对语料进行主题分析和策略分析。研究发现:疫情话语围绕防疫措施和经济活动等主题展开。日本外务大臣通过运用命名、述谓、辩论和视角化策略,建构出日本政府积极抗疫、援助他国、负责任的国家形象。这种国家形象的建构方式受制于日本政治外交立场、国内经济复苏等因素,显示出日本政务服务于国家意识形态的立场。本研究结论证实了话语历史分析法应用于日语政治话语分析中的可行性,为服务国家战略的语言研究起到了推进作用。

The construction of national image is an important part of external communication.In this study,a target corpus was established based on the Japanese Foreign Minister’s answers to reporters on the COVID-19 epidemic situation,and the theoretical framework of discourse-historical approach is being used to analyze the topic and strategy of the corpus.The study found that:The epidemic discourse revolves around themes such as epidemic prevention measures and economic activities.Through the use of strategies of nomination,predication,argumentation and perspectivization in discourse-historical approach,the Japanese Foreign Minister has constructed the image of the Japanese government as an active and responsible country that is actively fighting the epidemic,helping other countries.This way of constructing the national image is subject to factors such as Japan’s political and diplomatic stance and domestic economic recovery,showing that Japan’s government serves the national ideology.The conclusion of this study confirms the feasibility of discourse-historical approach in the analysis of Japanese political discourse,and plays a role in promoting language research in serving national strategies.