基于计划行为理论的整合干预模式应用于妊娠期糖尿病中的效果

Effect of integrated intervention model based on planned behavior theory on gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨基于计划行为理论(TPB)的整合干预模式在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用,以评估其对血糖控制、自护能力、心理状态及妊娠结局的影响。方法选取100例GDM患者,根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于TPB的整合干预模式。比较两组的血糖水平、心理状态、自护能力及妊娠结局。结果观察组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平均低于对照组,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评分(138.12±1.58)分高于对照组的(108.14±1.23)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组剖宫产率、产后出血率、羊水过多率、早产率、巨大儿率、新生儿窒息率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以TPB为核心的整合干预模式对于GDM患者具有积极的促进作用,有助于控制血糖,增强自护能力,改善其心理状态和妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the application of integrated intervention model based on planned behavior theory(TPB)in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),in order to evaluate its impact on blood glucose control,self-care ability,psychological state and pregnancy outcome.Methods 10o GDM patients were selected and divided into observation group and control group(50 cases each)according to random number table method.The control group was treated with routine nursing,and the observation group was treated with integrated intervention mode based on TPB.Blood glucose level,mental state,selfcare ability and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups.Results Fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose levels in observation group were lower than those in control group,and scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were lower than those in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The score of selfcare ability scale(ESCA)in the observation group(138.12±1.58)points was higher than that in the control group(108.14±1.23)points,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rates of cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage,excess amniotic fluid,premature delivery,macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<o.05).Conclusion The integrated intervention mode with TPB as the core has a positive promoting effect on GDM patients,which helps to control blood sugar,enhance self-care ability,improve maternal mental state and pregnancy outcome.