基于模糊层次和改进灰色关联度耦合算法的隧道爆破风险评价

Risk Assessment of Tunnel Blasting Based on Coupling Algorithm of Fuzzy Hierarchy and Improved Grey Relevance

在隧道开挖过程中,对隧道掌子面爆破工程进行风险因子的识别及评价,可以达到评价整个隧道施工安全风险的目的。以石柱至黔江高速公路万寿山隧道为研究对象,从影响隧道爆破安全的角度出发,确定4个一级指标和14个二级指标。然后,结合模糊理论和改进灰色关联度分析方法,建立了模型矩阵以及模糊互补矩阵,确定了各因子的权重和矩阵特征向量。最后,再运用模糊理论多层次分析方法对隧道爆破施工风险开展评价,确定了各风险分级。结果表明:各因子的权重由大至小依次为掌子面爆破、爆破管理、地质条件、爆破设计。同时,隧道爆破风险综合等级为高风险;各一级指标中,地质条件为高风险,掌子面爆破为极高风险,爆破管理和爆破设计为中风险。基于风险类型和风险评价结果,可制定分级管控措施及北斗一体化监测系统方案,实时了解隧道围岩变形情况,实行风险分级管控,为隧道开挖动态施工的安全提供保障。

During the excavation process of the tunnel,the safety risks of the entire tunnel construction can be eva-luated by identifying and evaluating the risk factors in the blasting engineering of the tunnel face.Taking Wanshoushan Tunnel on the Shizhu-Qianjiang Expressway as the research object,from the perspective of affecting tunnel blasting safety,four first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators were determined.Then,the model matrix and fuzzy complementa-rity matrix were established using the coupling theory of fuzzy hierarchy and improved grey correlation degree,and the weights of each factor and matrix eigenvectors were determined.Finally,the fuzzy multi-level method was used to evaluate the risk of tunnel blasting construction,and the classification of each risk was also determined.The results show that the weights of each factor,from highest to lowest,are tunnel face blasting,blasting management,geological conditions,and blasting design.The comprehensive risk level of tunnel blasting is high risk.Among the first level indicators,geological conditions are at high risk,tunnel face blasting is at extremely high risk,and blasting management and design are at me-dium risk.Based on risk types and risk assessment results,graded control measures and Beidou integrated monitoring system schemes can be developed to understand tunnel deformation in real-time,implement risk graded control,and provide security for dynamic construction of tunnel excavation.