教育生活治理:新时代教育治理的转向、阐释与行动

Educational Life Governance:The Transformation,Interpretation and Action of Educational Governance in the New Era

教育治理作为国家治理的重要组成部分,要适应新的时代要求,发生时代变革。社会矛盾的生活焦点、教育活动的生活本质、学校教育的生活意义、主体存在的生活实践表明,新时代教育治理应关注教育生活治理,积极回应“教育治理什么”的问题。明确教育生活治理是新时代教育治理的核心要义,是政府、社会、家庭、学校与个体围绕共同教育生活事务,基于一定的规制和程序,开展多元、多方面、全过程的自治和共治,旨在使个体与集体呈现出适宜的生活方式、学校展现出和谐的教育生活样态,协同推动优质均衡、闲暇自由、全面发展、充满活力的美好教育生活的实现。教育生活治理的主体回应教育生活“谁来治理”的问题。按照教育生活所涉层次和空间划分,党和政府是教育生活治理的“引路人”是教育生活治理的间接参与者;学校是教育生活治理的“组织人”,师生是教育生活治理的“能动者”,家庭是教育生活治理的“援助人”,三类主体是教育生活治理的直接参与者;社会是教育生活治理的“参与人”,是教育生活治理的选择参与者。教育生活是教育治理的客体,而教育生活治理的客体是上述主体所关心的共同教育生活事务,重点表现为关注生活中的人和人的生活,是人与事共在的教育生活。可从关注教育治理的生活场景、厘定教育生活治理的边界、激发对教育生活治理的关注、重视教育生活治理的文化等角度思考新时代教育生活治理的可能行动,以教育生活治理促成教育“善治”,实现“好教育”,共建共创共享美好教育生活。

As an important component of national governance,educational governance should adapt to the requirements of the new era and undergo epochal changes.The life focus of social contradictions,the life essence of educational activities,the life significance of school education,and the life practice of subject existence indicate that education governance in the new era should pay attention to educational life governance and actively respond to the issue of what to govern in education.Educational life governance is the core meaning of educational governance in the new era.It refers to the pluralistic,multifaceted and whole process of autonomy and shared governance among the government,society,families,schools and individuals around common educational life affairs based on certain regulations and procedures.The aim is to make individuals and collectives present a suitable lifestyle and schools present a harmonious educational life style,and to collaboratively promote a good educational life of quality and balance,leisure and freedom,comprehensive development and vitality.The subject of educational life governance responds to the question of who should govern educational life.According to the levels and spaces involved in educational life,the Party and the government are the"guides"of educational life governance,and are the indirect participants of educational life governance.Schools are the"organizers"of educational life governance.Teachers and students are the"enablers"of educational life govemance,and families are the"helpers"of educational life govenance.The three types of subjects are the direct participants in the governance of educational life.Society is the"participant"in the governance of educational life,and is the selective participant in the governance of educational life.Educational life is the object of educational governance.And the object of educational life governance is the common educational life affairs that the above-mentioned subjects are concerned with.The focus is on the educational life that is concerned with people and human life,and is the common educational life of people and things.Possible actions for govenance of educational life in the new era can be considered from the perspectives of focusing on the life scene of educational governance,defining the boundaries of governance of educational life,stimulating concern for governance of educational life,and emphasizing the culture of governance of educational life."good governance"in education can be promoted and"god education"can be achieved through educational life governance,so as to jointly create and share a good educational life.