全过程人民民主视域下民意表达制度化的路径机制研究

Research on the Path and Mechanism of Institutionalization of Public Opinion Expression From the Perspective of Whole-Process People’s Democracy

在民意表达与政府决策和回应之间构建有效的制度化衔接机制,是发展全过程人民民主的一个重要途径。在制度性平台基础上嵌入公众参与和民意表达机制,公众可以通过不同方式向政府部门“传递”自身意见与建议,影响政府决策、治理议程和资源分配。在信访制度基础上,嵌入人民建议征集制度可以有效拓展民意表达的路径,建立人民建议征集办公室实现“有门参与”,提高公众参与的主动性促进“有意参与”,搭建多元参与平台保障“有路参与”,构建资源分配与监督反馈网络达成“有效参与”。赋权要素是法定基础,平台要素是制度前提,主体要素是动力之源,资源要素是效用保障,四大要素共同构成民意表达制度化的路径机制。

It is an important way to develop whole-process people’s democracy to build an effective institutionalized linkage mechanism between public opinion expression and government decision-making and response.By embedding public participation and public opinion expression mechanisms on the institutional platforms,the people can“transmit”their opinions and suggestions to government departments in different ways,thus influencing government decision-making,governance agenda and resource allocation.On the basis of the petition system,embedding the people’s proposal collection system can effectively expand the path of public opinion expression,establishing the people’s proposal collection office can achieve“having access to participation”,improveing the initiative of public participation can promote“the willing to participation”,building a multi-participation platform can ensure“path to participation”,and building a resource allocation and supervision feedback network can achieve“effective participation”.The empowerment factor is the legal basis,the platform factor is the institutional premise,the subject factor is the source of power,and the resource factor is the utility guarantee.These four factors constitute the path and mechanism of institutionalization of public opinion expression.