地铁列车运行对建筑物振动影响的多因素研究

Multifactor Study on the Impact of Subway Train Operation on Building Vibration

目的:为研究地铁列车运行对邻近建筑物的振动影响规律,探讨地铁周边各类建筑条件承受列车振动影响的差异,需对地铁列车运行下建筑物所受振动影响的主要因素进行研究。方法:利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元分析软件建立了隧道-土层-建筑物振动响应分析模型,并结合广州地铁某区间的地面振动实测数据,验证了所建模型的可靠性。通过数值模拟,分析了建筑物与隧道中心的距离d、建筑高度H、建筑物桩基埋深h及建筑物结构类型四个因素对建筑物所受振动的影响。在此基础上进一步分析了建筑物两侧(靠近地铁侧、远离地铁侧)振动响应差异的影响因素。结果及结论:d越大,H越大,其所受列车运行振动的影响越小。在列车运行振动影响下,不同结构类型建筑物的最大Z振级大小关系为:砖砌结构>混凝土结构>钢结构。h尚未到达隧道所在土层时,h越大,建筑物所受列车振动的影响越小;当h与隧道埋深处于同一土层时,建筑物所受列车振动的影响增大。建筑物两侧受列车振动影响的响应差值与H呈正相关,与h呈负相关,与d呈弱相关。

Objective:To study the impact law of subway train vibrations on surrounding buildings,and explore the differential effects of train vibrations on various types of buildings around the subway,it is necessary to analyze the main factors influencing building vibration under train operations.Method:An analysis model of the vibration response of tunnel-soil-building is established using ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element analysis software,and the reliability of the model is verified by combining with the measured vibration response data of a section in Guangzhou subway.Through numerical simulation,the influences of four factors on the vibration response of buildings,including the distance(d)from the building to the tunnel center,building height(H),pile foundation burial depth(h),and building structure type are analyzed.On this basis,the factors that influence the vibration response differences between the two sides of the building(near the subway side and far from the subway side)are further analyzed.Result&Conclusion:As the values of d and H increase,the impact of train-induced vibrations on buildings becomes smaller.Among different types of structural buildings,the maximum Z vibration level is in the order of brick>concrete>steel under the influence of train-induced vibrations.Before reaching the soil layer of the tunnel,the larger the value of h,the less impact of train vibration on the building.However,when h is at the same depth as the tunnel,the impact of train vibrations on the building increases.The difference in response of building vibrations on both sides to train-induced vibrations is positively correlated with H but negatively correlated with h.There is a weak correlation with d.