海底隧道低振动、精细化爆破施工的控制技术研究

Research on Control Technology for Low Vibration and Fine Blasting Construction in Subsea Tunnel

目的:海底隧道爆破施工产生的振动可能会对施工区域周边敏感建(构)筑物的安全有一定的影响,且爆破振动可能会超出周边居民可接受范围,需采用低振动、精细化的爆破控制技术,以尽可能减少爆破振动的影响。方法:以厦门某海底隧道工程爆破施工为背景,在阐述工程概况的基础上,介绍了对施工区域周边敏感建筑物进行爆破安全性评估的方法。基于工程实际,对低振动、精细化爆破控制施工关键技术进行了研究,阐述了该工程爆破控制施工的原理及流程,对爆破施工过程中的减振措施、开挖工法、数码电子雷管使用、自动化爆破监测等施工工艺的创新点进行了重点论述。结果及结论:所采取的低振动、精细化爆破控制技术能大幅降低爆破产生的振动,爆破速率大幅下降,减振效果良好,且对周边建筑物的影响较小,实现了无感爆破和绿色环保施工的目标。

Objective:The vibration generated by the blasting construction of subsea tunnel may have a certain impact on the safety of sensitive buildings(structures)in the vicinity of the construction area,and the blasting vibration may exceed the acceptable range of the surrounding residents.It is needed to use low vibration,fine blasting control technology to minimize the impact of blasting vibration.Method:Taking the blasting construction of a subsea tunnel project in Xiamen as a background,based on generating an overview of the project,the method of conducting safety assessment on sensitive buildings in the surrounding areas during the blasting construction process is introduced.According to the actual project,the key technology of low vibration and fine blasting control construction is studied,the principle and process of blasting control construction of the project are elaborated.Innovative points such as vibration reduction measures,excavation methods,employment of digital electronic detonators,and automated blasting monitoring during the blasting construction process are emphasized.Result&Conclusion:The adopted low vibration and fine blasting control technology can significantly reduce the vibration generated by blasting,greatly reduce the blasting rate,achieve a good shock absorption effect,and have a relatively small impact on the surrounding buildings,thus achieving the goals of senseless blasting and green construction.