液压滑阀全寿命周期冲蚀磨损量特性分析

Analysis of Erosion Wear Characteristics of Hydraulic Slide Valve in Life Cycle

满足油液清洁度要求的液压油中仍存在固体颗粒物,这些固体颗粒在油液带动下会撞击滑阀空间流道,使滑阀产生冲蚀磨损,导致其性能退化。针对上述问题,结合计算流体力学与冲蚀理论,进行了滑阀磨损过程的数值模拟,得到滑阀全寿命周期磨损规律:滑阀的进出口压差增大,使颗粒的撞击速度和颗粒流量增大,加剧了滑阀磨损;阀口开度增大,节流口处从层流转变至湍流,同时也增大了颗粒流量,使滑阀磨损程度增大,且在不同阀口开度下,滑阀的磨损区域不同;同一节流口处,不同的油液流向,节流边两侧的磨损程度不同;节流磨损轮廓表明,阀芯的径向磨损和阀套的轴向磨损会导致滑阀控制性能下降,且阀芯的磨损较阀套更严重。

Solid particles are still present in the hydraulic oil that meets the oil cleanliness requirements,and these solid particles hit the space runner of the spool valve driven by the oil,causing the erosion of the spool valve and degradation of its performance.In view of the above problems,this paper combines computational fluid dynamics and erosion theory,conducts a numerical simulation of the wear process of the spool valve,and obtains the wear law of the spool valve in the whole life cycle:the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the spool valve increases,so that the impact velocity and flow of the particles increase,which aggravates the wear of the spool valve;the opening of the valve port increases,and the flow field at orifice is changed from laminar flow to turbulence,which increases the particle flow,so that the wear degree of the spool valve increases,and under different valve openings,the wear area of the spool valve is different;at the same orifice,different oil flow directions,the wear degree of wear on both sides of the throttle edge is different;the throttle wear profile shows that the radial wear of the valve core and the axial wear of the valve sleeve lead to the degradation of the control performance of the spool valve,and the wear of the spool is more serious than that of the valve sleeve.