基于气动比例控制的新型分布式模块化机械通气系统

A New Distributed Modular Mechanical Ventilation System Based on Pneumatic Proportional Control

机械通气是利用呼吸机协助病人呼吸,维持病人氧合,为原发病治疗争取时间的一种重要医疗手段,特别是在危重症新冠肺炎患者的救治过程中发挥了不可替代的作用。然而,由于感染人数巨大,呼吸机短缺,大量患者因没有接受呼吸机治疗而导致死亡。在分析了现有呼吸机工作原理的基础上,提出了一种基于气动比例控制的新型分布式模块化机械通气系统,构建了基于比例阀和电磁阀的模块化机械通气单元;在此基础上,构建了整个系统的数学模型,搭建了系统的实验平台,实现了对输出气流和压力的比例控制;此外,采用人工模拟肺在不同通气模式下进行了实验研究,结果表明,该系统不仅能实现现有呼吸机的常用通气模式,而且针对不同患者的通气需求,能够实现各个通气单元的单独控制,互不干扰,有望解决重大疫情灾害下呼吸机短缺问题。

Mechanical ventilation is an important medical method to assist patients in breathing,maintain patients'oxygenation,and save time for the treatment of primary diseases.It plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of patients with Covid-19 critically ill patients.Based on the analysis of the working principle of the existing ventilator,a new distributed modular mechanical ventilation system based on pneumatic proportional control is proposed in this paper.A modular mechanical ventilation unit based on proportional and electrical valves is developed.On this basis,the mathematical model of the whole system is constructed,the experimental platform of the system is built,and the proportional control of output airflow and pressure is realized.In addition,the experimental study is carried out with artificial simulated lungs under different ventilation modes.The results show that the system can not only realize the common ventilation mode of the existing ventilator,but also realize the separate control of ventilation for each patient without mutual interference,and hopefully solve the problem of ventilator shortage under major epidemic disasters.