长江流域居民生态补偿支付意愿及其影响因素

Willingness of residents in Changjiang River Basin to pay ecological compensation and its influencing factors

建立和完善长江流域生态补偿机制,是促进长江经济带高质量绿色发展的重要路径。基于长江流域7省市的770份实地调查数据,选取Probit模型和Tobit模型分别分析了长江流域居民生态补偿支付意愿(WTP)和支付水平及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)家庭居住位置、家庭年均收入、环境保护政策认可度、缴纳罚款认可度、政策了解程度5个变量与支付意愿显著相关;(2)居民生态补偿支付水平受到受教育程度、缴纳罚款认可度、政策了解程度、参与积极性4个变量的影响;(3)进一步测算了流域居民的支付水平和最小受偿意愿,对比发现,居民最小受偿意愿远高于其支付意愿,二者存在严重不匹配情况。基于此,提出提高长江经济带流域生态补偿支付意愿与水平的相关政策建议。

Establishing and improving the ecological compensation mechanism in the Changjiang River Basin is an important way to promote high-quality green development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Based on 770 field survey data from 7 provinces in the Changjiang River Basin,this paper adopts Probit model and Tobit model to conduct empirical analysis on residents'willingness to pay(WTP)and the level of payment and their influencing factors.We draw the following conclusions:①The 5 variables of family living location,annual income,recognition of environmental protection policies,recognition of paying fines,understanding of policies are significantly correlated with willingness to pay;②Residents'ecological compensation payment level is affected by 4 variables:education level,recognition of paying fines,understanding of policies,and participation enthusiasm;③Further,we measure the level of payment and the minimum willingness to accept compensation of residents,and find that the minimum willingness to accept compensation is much higher than their willingness to pay,and there is a serious mismatch between the two.Then policy suggestions for improving the willingness and level of payment in the Changjiang River Basin are given.