内蒙古秸秆资源产量及其饲料化利用潜力

Straw yield and potential utilization for forage in Inner Mongolia

为进一步提高秸秆饲料化利用率,降低养殖成本,提升重要畜产品供给保障水平,以内蒙古为研究区域,综合运用草谷比、可收集系数估算主要农作物秸秆资源产量及其饲料化利用潜力。结果表明:2000-2020年,内蒙古主要农作物秸秆理论资源量、可收集利用量分别增加了3523.66万和3098.69万t,年均增长率为5.72%和5.96%,其中玉米秸秆贡献最大;2020年内蒙古秸秆资源分布总体呈现出“东多西少”的特征,蒙东地区占秸秆可收集资源总量的69.33%;内蒙古秸秆养畜潜力高丰度地区主要分布在通辽市、兴安盟、呼伦贝尔市、赤峰市等蒙东地区,锡林郭勒盟、阿拉善盟和乌海市为秸秆养畜潜力低丰度地区,其余盟(市)为秸秆养畜潜力一般地区。内蒙古秸秆资源丰富,具有较强的饲料化利用潜力,但区域分布不均衡,蒙东地区是秸秆资源富集和秸秆养畜潜力高丰度地区,应以蒙东地区为重点,提高秸秆饲料化利用率,持续推动农牧业绿色高质量发展。

To further improve the utilization of straw feed,reduce the cost of breeding,and improve the supply and insurance level of important livestock products,this paper takes Inner Mongolia as the research area to use the grass-to-grain ratio and collectible coefficient to estimate the yield of straw resources of major crops and their feed utilization potential.The results showed that the amount of theoretical resources and collectible utilization of the straw of the main crops in Inner Mongolia increased by 35.24 million and 30.99 million tons,respectively.There was an average annual growth rate of 5.72% and 5.96% from 2000 to 2020,with corn straw contributing the most growth.In 2020,the distribution of straw resources in Inner Mongolia showed that the east had more resources than the west,with the total available straw resources in the eastern part accounting for 69.33%.In Inner Mongolia,the areas that have higher potential for using straw to raise livestock are mainly in Tongliao,Xingan League,Hulunbuir,Chifeng,and other areas of eastern Mongolia.Meanwhile,Xilingol League,Alxa League and Wuhai are relatively low abundance areas.The other areas have an average level of abundance.Inner Mongolia is rich in straw resources and has strong feed utilization potential,but the regional distribution is unbalanced.The Eastern Mongolian area is an area with an abundance of straw resources and high abundance potential for straw livestock breeding.It is important to focus on the eastern Mongolian area to improve the utilization rate of straw feed,and continue to promote the green and high-quality development of agriculture and animal husbandry.