碳化硅晶须增强复合材料性能研究进展

Research Progress in Properties of Silicon CarbideWhisker Reinforced Composites

碳化硅晶须作为增强组元加入复合材料基体中起到了补强增韧的作用,可以加速传统材料产品的更新换代。与其他晶须相比,碳化硅晶须的强度、弹性模量和耐高温性能更好,近年来我国在碳化硅晶须生产方面发展迅速,在机械、电子、航天等领域得到了推广和应用。在简要介绍碳化硅晶须的基础上,着重介绍了碳化硅晶须增强机理,结合国内外研究现状综述了在不同基体复合材料性能增强应用中的研究进展,探讨了未来相关研究工作面临的挑战,并对碳化硅晶须的应用前景作了展望。

The addition of silicon carbide whiskers as reinforcing elements into the composite matrix plays the role of reinforcement and toughening,which can accelerate the renewal of traditional material products.Among the many reinforcing phases,the main advantage of silicon carbide whisker-reinforced composites is that they improve the strength,hardness,wear resistance,and high-temperature stability of the composites.Therefore,the application of silicon carbide whisker-reinforced composites under severe conditions such as high temperature,high pressure,high speed,and friction is of great importance.Its wide range of applications,involving aerospace,machinery manufacturing,the electronics industry,etc.,has important scientific research significance and practical application value.In recent years,China has developed rapidly in the production of silicon carbide whiskers.This paper introduces the nature of silicon carbide whiskers,the strengthening mechanism,and the current research status of silicon carbide whiskers in the application of different matrix composites for performance enhancement,discusses the future challenges of related research work,and gives an outlook on the application prospects of silicon carbide whiskers.