摘要
比较是人类学知识生产的基本原则。但对比较法自身的认识论和方法论研究却相对滞后。本文以时间为线索,考察现代人类学比较研究的两大范式。其中,“跨文化比较”以文化为基本对比单位,旨在揭示不同对象之间的相似与差异、结构与变迁、自性与他性;“跨自然比较”倡导在不同的世界(自然)而非世界观(文化)之间展开比较,从而最大限度地呈现他者世界的自为秩序。在处理比较与翻译的问题上,跨文化翻译重视在语言层面建立共识,跨自然翻译则侧重在概念层面厘清疑义。二者虽然方法不同,但都致力于破解现代人类学“译不可译”的认识论困局。
Comparison is the basic discipline of the generation of anthropological knowledge.However,the epistemology and methodology of comparative methods lag behind.This paper studied two modes of comparison chronologically:cross-cultural comparison and cross-natural comparison.Cross-cultural comparison examines the difference and resemblance,structure and transformation,self and other based on distinct cultural units,while cross-natural comparison seeks to compare different worlds(nature)rather than different world views(culture)to present the others'self-order to the greatest extent.Concerning comparison and translation,cross-cultural translation focuses on finding linguistic commonness,while cross-natural translation attempts to distinguish conceptual equivalence.Though they are different methods,they share the same goal of finding solutions to the translatability dilemma of modern anthropology.
出处
《广西民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期123-131,共9页
GUANGXI ETHNIC STUDIES
基金
国家民委人文社科重点研究基地西南少数民族研究中心项目“乡村振兴视域下西南地区自然观念与生态话语转型研究”(2022XNZX02)。
关键词
比较法
跨文化比较
本体论转向
文化翻译
方法论
Comparative method
Cross-culture comparison
Ontological turn
Cultural translation
Methodology
