Ⅳ型高压储氢瓶密封结构设计及性能仿真研究

Sealing structure design and simulation of typeⅣhigh-pressure hydrogen storage tank

Ⅳ型储氢瓶塑料内胆具有轻量化优势,但塑料低模量特性和自由体积易因为高压而发生较大形变,导致密封圈预压缩量减小而出现高压氢泄漏。因此,探明瓶口塑料密封结构对高压密封性能的影响至关重要。基于管束集装箱用大容量Ⅳ型高压储氢瓶,构建了瓶口密封结构有限元分析模型,分析了两种典型内胆材料在温度、压力、结构变化下的内胆形变和应力状态。结果表明,高模量材料、较小的径向塑料密封面厚度均有利于减小塑料密封面形变,较大的环向槽内倒角有利于减小内胆局部应力和增加界面处的抗氢泄漏能力;密封圈应远离环向槽结构布置。该研究为塑料内胆的瓶口密封结构设计提供了可参考的设计思路、方法与建议。

The plastic liner of typeⅣhydrogen storage tanks has the advantage of light weight,but the low modulus and free volume of the plastic are prone to large deformation due to high pressure,resulting in reduced pre-compression of the seal ring and high-pressure hydrogen leakage.Therefore,it is very important to find out the influence of the plastic sealing structure of the bottle mouth on the sealing performance under high pressure.In this study,based on the large-capacity typeⅣhigh-pressure hydrogen storage tanks used in tube-bundle containers,a finite element analysis model of the bottle mouth sealing structure was constructed,and the deformation and stress states of two typical liner materials were analyzed under temperature,pressure,and structural changes.The results show that high modulus materials and smaller thickness of the radial plastic sealing surface are beneficial to reduce the deformation of the plastic sealing surface,larger chamfers in the circumferential groove are beneficial to reduce the local stress of the inner and increase the resistance to hydrogen leakage at the interface;And the seal ring should be arranged away from the circumferential groove structure.This study provides reference design ideas,methods and suggestions for the sealing structure design of plastic liner.